NR 302 exam 2 review questions Chapter 12

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NR 302 exam 2 review questions Chapter 12 Question 1 of 10 A flat macular hemorrhage is called a(n): • purpura. • ecchymosis. • petechiae. • hemangioma. Purpura is a flat, macular,... red-to-purple hemorrhage that is a confluent and extensive patch of petechiae and ecchymoses greater than 3 mm. An ecchymosis is a hemorrhage that is greater than 3 mm. Petechiae are tiny punctate hemorrhages that are 1 to 3 mm; round and discrete; and dark red, purple, or brown caused by bleeding from superficial capillaries. Hemangiomas are vascular lesions caused by a benign proliferation of blood vessels in the dermis. Question 2 of 10 A scooped-out, shallow depression in the skin is called a(n): • ulcer. • excoriation. • fissure. • erosion. An ulcer is a deeper depression extending into the dermis. An excoriation is a self-inflicted abrasion that is superficial. A fissure is a narrow opening of tissue or skin. An erosion is a scooped-out, shallow depression in the skin. Question 3 of 10 Risk factors that may lead to skin disease and breakdown include: • loss of protective cushioning of the dermal skin layer. • decreased vascular fragility. • a lifetime of environmental trauma. • increased thickness of the skin. Accumulating factors that place an aging person at risk for skin disease and breakdown include thinning of the skin, decrease in vascularity and nutrients, loss of protective cushioning of the subcutaneous layer, a lifetime of environmental trauma to skin, social changes of aging, an increasingly sedentary lifestyle, and the chance of immobility. Aging results in the loss of protective cushioning of the subcutaneous layer of the skin. Aging results in decreased vascularity of the skin. Aging results in thinning of the skin. [Show More]

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