South University, Savannah - ADV NUR PR NSG5003 S0week 4 cardiac questions. Answers and Rationale

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ADV NUR PR NSG5003 S0week 4 Cardiac Questions 1. What is the initiating events that leads to the development of atherosclerosis? 2. What is the effect of oxidated low density lipoproteins in ather... osclerosis? 3. Which inflammatory cytokines are released when endothelial cells are injured? 4. When endothelial cells are injured, what alteration contributes to atherosclerosis? 5. Which factor is responsible for the hypertrophy of the myocardium associated with hypertension? 6. What pathologic change occurs to the kidneys glomeruli as a result of hypertension? 7. What effect does atherosclerosis have on the development of an aneurysm ? 8. Regarding the epithelium, what is the difference between healthy vessel walls and those that promote clot formation? 9. What is the usual source of pulmonary emboli 10. Which factor can trigger an immune response in the bloodstream that may result in an emboli? 11. Which risk factor are associated with infective endocarditis (select all that apply) 12. What is the trigger for angina pectoris? 13. What is the expected ecg pattern when a thrombus in a coronary artery permanently lodges in the vessel and the infarction extends through the myocardium from the endocardium to the epicardium? 14. Which statement is true concerning the cells ability to synthesize cholesterol? 15. What is the most common cause of infective endocarditis 16. What is the cause of the dyspnea resulting from a thoracic aneurysm 17. Which risk factor is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) because of its relationship with the alteration of hepatic lipoprotein? 18. Ventricular dilation and grossly impaired systolic function leading to dilated heart failure, characterize which form of cardiomyopathy? 19. Which factor is responsible for responsible for the hypertrophy of the myocardium associated with hypertension 20. A disproportionate thickening of the interventricular septum is the hallmark of which form of cardiomyopathy? - 21. The risk of developing coronary artery disease is increased up to threefold by which factor ? - 22. In systolic heart failure what effect does the renin angiotensin aldosterone syste, (RAAS) have on stroke volume? - INCREASES PRELOAD AND INCREASES AFTERLOAD 23. What factors contribute to the development of orthostatic hypotension (select all ) 24. How does angiotensin II increase the workload of the heart after a myocardial infarction? 25. A patient is diagnosed with pulmonary disease and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. Which form of heart failure may result from pulmonary disease and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance? 26. When endothelial cells are injured what alteration contributes to atherosclerosis? 27. Which statement best describes raynauds disease 28. Which statements are true regarding fatty streaks 29. Which condition is a cause of acquired aortic regurgitation 30. Which elevated value may be protective of the development of atherosclerosis? 31. Which form of angina occurs most often during sleep as a result of vasospasms of one or more coronary arteries? 32. Which factor is responsible for the hypertrophy of the myocardium associated with hypertension 33. Which laboratory test is an indirect measure of atherosclerotic plaque 34. Ventricular dilation and grossly impaired systolic function leading to dilated heart failure characterize which form of cardiomyopathy 35. What is the cause of the dyspnea from a thoracic aneurysm 36. Nicotine increases atherosclerosis by the release of which neurotransmitter 37. Amyloidosis, hemochromatosis, or glycogen storage disease usually causes which form of cardiomyopathy? 38. What term is used to identify when a cell is temporarily deprived of blood supply 39. The pulsus paradoxus that occurs as a result of pericardial effusion is caused by a dysfunction in which mechanism ? 40. A patient reports sudden onset of severe chest pain that radiates to the back and worsens with respiratory movement and when lying down. These clinical manifestations describe? 41. What is the most common cardiac disorder associated with AIDS ? 42. Which statement best describes thromoangitis obliterans (Buerger disease)? 43. Which substance is manufactured by the liver and primarily contains cholesterol and protein? 44. What disorder causes transitory truncal rash that is non pruritic and pink with erythematous macules that may fade in the center making them appear as a ringworm ? 45. Cardiac cells can withstand ischemic conditions and still return to a viable state for how many minutes 46. What cardiac pathologic condition contributes to ventricular remodeling? 47. Which assessment findings are clinical of aortic stenosis? 48. What change in a vein supports the development of varicose veins 49. Individuals effectively being managed for type 2 DM often experience a healthy decline in BP as a result of what intervention? 50. Superior vena syndrome is a result of a progressive increase in which process - 51. When is the scar tissue that is formed after a myocardial infarction most vulnerable? 52. An individual who is demonstrating elevated levels of troponin, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) is exhibiting indicators associated with which condition? 53. Which predominantly female valvular disorder is thought to have an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, as well as being associated with connective tissue disease? 54. Impairs flow from left atrium to left ventricle 55. Impairs flow from the left ventricle 56. Backflow into the left atrium 57. Backflow into the right atrium 58. Backflow into the left ventricle - [Show More]

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