Test 4 New ATI Exam Review Questions answered

Document Content and Description Below

Review Ipratropium Bromide/ Review how does this medication help patients with perineal and seasonal rhinitis. Review its function as an anticholinergic. •Ipratropium bromide A: MDI: 2 inhal tid-... qid; max: 12 inhal/d For bronchospasm associated with asthma and COPD, and rhinorrhea associated with allergy and common cold. May cause headache, dyspnea, back pain, epistaxis, nasopharyngitis, sinusitis, and bronchitis. PB: UK; t½: 2 h Medications frequently prescribed for COPD include the following: • Bronchodilators such as sympathomimetics (adrenergics), parasympatholytics (anticholinergic drugs, ipratropium bromide), and methylxanthines (caffeine, theophylline) are used to assist in opening narrowed airways. • Review important considerations for patient education when patients are using MDI inhalers. The patient who is prescribed an albuterol MDI should be taught how to effectively use the device and to keep track of the remaining doses. Running out of the drug when a rescue dose is needed can produce life-threatening consequences in a severe asthma attack. Why are most beta blockers contraindicated for asthma?  . This is because one of the actions of beta blockers is to constrict the airways; patients with asthma already have constricted airways, so the beta blockers make the problem worse. Asthma medicine works to relax the airways; beta blockers constrict them. Whenever glucocorticoids are prescribed, the patient should be notified to never stop the medication abruptly. The medication should be tapered down instead. Can you explain the why? Glucocorticoid doses should be tapered gradually to minimize the production of iatrogenic side effects. LEUKOTRIENE MODIFIERS • Leukotrienes are mediators of immune response • Involved in allergic and asthmatic reactions • Leukotriene modifiers primarily used for asthma prophylaxis • Reduce inflammatory component of asthma • Oral medication used when persistent asthma not controlled with other drugs Two main pharmacologic classes: Bronchodilators • Beta2-Adrenergic agonists (e.g. albuterol) • Methylxanthines (theophylline) • Anticholinergics (e.g. Ipratropium) Anti-inflammatory agents • Steroidal: Glucocorticoids (prednisone) • Non-steroidal: Cromolyn [Intal] • Leukotriene Modifiers • Ant [Show More]

Last updated: 1 year ago

Preview 1 out of 2 pages