Arizona State University - CIS 235 Midterm Exam Review. Latest 2021

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Arizona State University - CIS 235 Midterm Exam Review. Latest 2021.Chapter 1 – Intro to IS, IS Jobs 1. What is an Information System? Components interact to produce information 2. What are the f... ive components of Information Systems? (five component framework) Hardware, software, data, procedures, people 3. Which one of the 5 components of IS serves as a bridge between the human side and the computer side? Data 4. Why are Information Systems created? To secure, store, and manipulate big data To improve organizational communication To automate processes To make faster and more accurate business decisions 5. Give an example for each of the five component of IS. Which component do the following examples belong to? Words and sentences? Microsoft Excel? Keyboard? Monitor? Hardware: Computer mouse Software: Adobe Photoshop Data: Information in a database Procedures: People: 6. What is the difference between IT and IS? IT refers to any computer-based tool that people use to work with information and to support the information and information-processing needs of an organization. IS collects, processes, stores, analyzes, and disseminates information for a specific purpose 7. Know the various sizes of data Value Symbol Name 1024 KB Kilobyte 10242 MB Megabyte 10243 GB Gigabyte 10244 TB Terabyte 10245 PB Petabyte 10246 EB Exabyte 8. What is Moore’s Law? What is the practical impact of Moore’s Law? “The number of transistors per square inch on an integrated chip doubles every 18 months”  Cost of data processing and data storage is essentially zero 9. Why does everyone in an organization need to know about their IT department? Because everyone in an organization will have interaction with IT at some point within their jobs. 10. What are some of the primary responsibilities of an IT Department? 11. What is data vs. information? How do you make decisions using data? What is knowledge? o Data in context and arranged is information o When you understand information, it becomes knowledge 12. What characteristics of data are necessary for “quality information”? o Timeliness o Location o Form o Validity Technology Guide 1 and 2 – Hardware, Software 1. How do computers work?  Computers consist of various devices, generally called hardware  Computers process data using sets of instructions called programs  Programs guide computers through orderly sets of calculations and other actions that are specified by people known as programmers  These programs that run on a computer are referred to as software 2. What is the difference between hardware and software? Hardware- Hardware is the physical equipment of the computer Software- A set of computer programs that enable the hardware to process the data 3. What is a binary digit? (aka bit) A 1 or a 0, the only data that a CPU can process 4. Explain, at a high level, some of the basic components of a “computer”  Input: Receiving- obtains info (data and computer programs) from input devices and places it at the disposal of other units so it can be processed. o Ex: keyboard, mouse  Output: Shipping- takes information that the computer has processed and places it on various output devices to make it available outside the computer o Ex: printer, computer screen  Control Unit (aka CPU): Administrative- coordinates and supervises the operation of the other sections  Arithmetic-Logic Unit (ALU): Manufacturing- performs calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division  Main Memory: On-Site Warehousing- retains information that has been entered through the input unit, making it immediately available for processing when needed o Information in the memory unit is volatile o Ex: RAM  Secondary Memory: Off-Site Warehousing- the long-term, high-capacity warehousing section [Show More]

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