NURS 8022 Chapter 25: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition

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1. An 8-week-old infant presents to the pediatrician for a well-baby checkup. Physical exam reveals a murmur, and an echocardiogram confirms a ventricular septal defect. Which genetic disorder is li... kely to accompany this diagnosis? a. Huntington disease b. Color blindness c. Down syndrome d. Hemophilia ANS: C Down syndrome is the genetic factor that would most likely accompany the diagnosis of a congenital heart defect. Neither Huntington disease, color blindness, nor hemophilia is a genetic disorder that would most likely accompany a diagnosis of congenital heart defect. REF: p. 655 2. Intrauterine exposure to which factor could be responsible for a diagnosis of congenital heart disease? a. Diabetes b. Alcohol exposure c. Viral infection d. Dextroamphetamine ANS: C One of the identified causes of cardiac defects is an intrauterine viral infection, especially rubella. Diabetes contributes to large babies. Alcohol exposure contributes to abnormalities such as facial changes while exposure to dextroamphetamines leads to other abnormalities. REF: p. 655 3. Coarctation of the aorta is the local narrowing of the aorta near the: a. aortic valve. b. ductus arteriosus. c. diaphragm. d. bifurcation into the common iliac arteries. ANS: B Coarctation of the aorta is narrowing of the aorta near the ductus arteriosus, not near the aortic valve, the diaphragm, or the bifurcation site. REF: p. 656 4. A newborn is suspected of having coarctation of the aorta. Which of the following assessments would aid in diagnosis? a. Cyanosis b. Bounding pedal pulses [Show More]

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