Principles of Calcium Homeostasis and Principles of Nutrition in the Medical Laboratory. 14 Common QnA Plus Explanations

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Principles of Calcium Homeostasis and Principles of Nutrition in the Medical Laboratory 1. A patient of mine with multiple myeloma is found to have an elevated Calcium level. What might this be due... to? 1. Hypomagnesemia 2. Hypophosphatemia 3. Hyperphosphatemia 4. Osteolytic metastases 2. What is the most common cause of vitamin toxicity? 1. Eating salad everyday 2. Eating a diet of oranges 3. Sunbathing 4. Excess dietary supplementation 3. Lab results are back! Total Calcium is Increased and PTH is decreased. What disease does the patient have? 1. Breast cancer 2. Hypoparathyroidism 3. Secondary hyperthyroidism 4. Graves disease 4. What methods are used to assess the concentrations of most vitamins? 1. Gas chromatography 2. GC/MS 3. Flame photometry 4. HPLC 5. What are the effects of PTH on the kidney 1. Stimulates the 1a hydroxylation of Vitamin D in the kidney to create the active form of Vitamin D 2. Increase the loss of PO4 3. Increase the loss of Calcium 4. Increase reabsorption of PO4 6. What vitamin is necessary to give to all pregnant females to prevent Neural Tube Diseases? 1. Niacin 2. Folate 3. Cyanocobalamin 4. Thiamine 7. What is a commonly-tested complication associated with Calcium testing? 1. Storage in the refrigerator 2. Collection by a butterfly needle 3. Collection in the early morning 4. Collection of blood in an EDTA tube 8. What are the clinical hallmarks that you will see in the question stem on a test for Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) deficiency? 1. Casal's necklace 2. Wet Beri beri 3. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome 4. Mucocutaneous lesions and photosensitivity 5. Bone destruction 6. PTHrP 7. Increased Vitamin D 8. Decreased Calcitonin 9. What happens to Cholecalciferol in the skin and what vitamin does it eventually turn in to? 1. The outside air oxidizes cholecalciferol and changes it into Vitamin A 2. Ultraviolet light changes cholecalciferol into Vitamin D 3. The cold outside air changes cholecalciferol into vitamin C 4. The warm outside air changes cholecalciferol into Vitamin B12 10. A patient of mine has fat malabsorption. What vitamins would you expect this patient to be deficient in? 1. C 2. K 3. B12 4. A 11. The primary purpose of calcitonin is to 1. Increase absorption of Calcium in the small intestine 2. Increase the serum Calcium level 3. Decrease the serum calcium level 4. Decrease the absorption from the small intestine 12. What laboratory tests results are commonly used for detecting nutritional deficiencies? 1. Serum Albumin <3.0 g/dL 2. PT prolongation 3. ALT >6x Upper Normal Limit 4. Serum Cr <0.6 mg/dL 13. A patient of mine is found to have a low Calcium level. How would you expect the body to correct this issue? 1. PTH concentration increases 2. Vitamin D increases 3. ALP would be decreased 4. Calcitonin would increase [Show More]

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