Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1). Physics UNIT: 4PH1 Science (Double Award) 4SD0 PAPER: 1PR/ 100% Proven pass rate/

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Answer ALL questions. Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross . 1 (a) ... Bismuth‑207 is a gamma emitter and is represented by the symbol 207 83Bi How many neutrons are in the nucleus of an atom of bismuth‑207? (1) A 83 B 124 C 207 D 290 (b) Which of these gives the best description of gamma radiation? (1) A a helium nucleus B a high energy electron C a high frequency electromagnetic wave D a subatomic particle with mass, but with no charge https://britishstudentroom-b430a.web.app/ *P70712A0532* Turn over 5 (c) A technician uses this method to investigate the penetration power of gamma radiation. • place a gamma emitting source at a fixed distance from a radiation detector • measure the count using the detector, for a period of one minute • place a thin sheet of lead between the source and the detector • measure the new count using the detector, for a period of one minute • increase the number of lead sheets between the source and detector and repeat this process The table gives some of the variables from the technician’s method. Complete the table by placing a tick () in each row to show whether each variable is an independent, a dependent or a control variable. (3) Variable Independent variable Dependent variable Control variable count measured using the detector distance between source and detector number of lead sheets time period for measuring the count (Total for Question 1 = 5 marks) https://britishstudentroom-b430a.web.app/6 *P70712A0632*  2 X‑rays and gamma rays are examples of ionising radiation. (a) Which of these is another example of ionising radiation? (1) A infrared B microwave C radio D ultraviolet (b) Give one use of x‑rays and one use of gamma rays. (2) x‑rays .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... gamma rays .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... (c) (i) State the formula linking speed, frequency and wavelength of a wave. (1) (ii) Calculate the wavelength of a gamma ray with a frequency of 2.8 × 1019 Hz. [speed of gamma ray = 3.0 × 108 m/s] (3) wavelength = .............................................................. m https://britishstudentroom-b430a.web.app/ *P70712A0732* Turn over 7 (d) X‑rays and gamma rays are electromagnetic waves. Which of these graphs is correct for waves travelling at a constant speed? (1) frequency wavelength 0 0 frequency wavelength 0 0 A B frequency wavelength 0 0 frequency [Show More]

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