OCR A Level Classical Civilisation H408/33 Politics of the Late Republic. QUESTION PAPER AND MARKING SCHEME. RATED A+

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Answer all the questions in this section. Start your answer to each 10, 20 and 30 mark question on a new page. Source A: Cicero’s letter to Atticus from Formiae, 23rd February 49 BC Att. 8.8 Oh w... hat a dishonourable and therefore miserable thing! For I feel that misery lies mainly or solely in dishonour. He developed Caesar, then he suddenly began to fear him; he rejected all offers of peace; he made no preparations for war; he left Rome; he was to blame for the loss of Picenum; he confined himself in Apulia; he went to Greece; leaving us all without a word, or letting us in on his extraordinary plan upon which so much depended. Suddenly, a letter came to him and his Consuls from Domitius. It seemed to me to be as though the light of honour flashed from Pompey’s eyes, and the real man he ought to be exclaimed: “So let them scheme as they must, And attempt every trick, Yet right is on my side.” But Pompey bids a long goodbye to honour, and proceeds for Brundisium. As for Domitius, they say upon hearing this, he and those with him surrendered. Oh, what a terrible business! I am too distressed to write much more – I hope for your letters. 5 10 1 Who did Cicero meet at Formiae in March 49 BC? [1] 2 Which side did Cicero join in the Civil War of 49–48 BC? [1] 3 Describe what happened to Pompey at Pharsalus in 48 BC. [1] 4 Explain what the letter in Source A reveals about Cicero’s opinion of Pompey. [10] Cato the Younger was known for his Stoic principles and for championing the cause of the Optimates. 5 (a) After which battle did Cato commit suicide? [1] (b) Give one reason for his action. [1] 6 Explain how Cato applied his Stoic principles to his politics throughout his career. [10] 7* ‘In his correspondence with Atticus, Cicero was interested only in politics which took place in Rome.’ Explain to what extent you agree with this view, based on the letters which you have read. Justify your response. You may use Source A as a starting point in your answer. [20] [Section A Total: 45] 3 © OCR 2021 H408/33 Oct21 Section B Answer one of the following questions. Use classical sources, and secondary sources, scholars and/or academic works to support your argument. You should also consider possible interpretations of sources by different audiences. Either 8* Assess to what extent you would agree that Cicero’s opposition to Verres and Catiline was as much about his own political career as it was about the wrongdoings of these men. Justify your response. [30] Or 9* ‘Caesar and Cicero were killed primarily because of their political ideals.’ Explain to what extent you agree with this statement. Justify your response. [Show More]

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