NR 508 / NR508 Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam | Questions and Answers with Rationale | Latest 2020 / 2021 | 100 % Correct | Chamberlain College

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NR 508 / NR508 Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam | Questions and Answers with Rationale | Latest 2020 / 2021 | 100 % Correct | Chamberlain College Question 1 2 / 2 pts A patient is newly diagnose... d with Alzheimer’s disease stage 6 on the Global Deterioration Scale. The primary care NP should prescribe: donepezil (Aricept). rivastigmine (Exelon). memantine (Namenda). galantamine (Razadyne). Patients with moderate to severe dementia (stages 5 to 7) may be started on memantine. Question 2 2 / 2 pts The primary care NP sees a 12-month-old infant who needs the MMR, Varivax, influenza, and hepatitis A vaccines. The child’s mother tells the NP that she is pregnant. The NP should: administer all of these vaccines today. give the hepatitis A and influenza vaccines. give the Varivax, hepatitis A, and influenza vaccines. withhold all of these vaccines until after the baby is born. Although live-virus vaccines should not be administered to mothers during pregnancy, they may be given to children whose mothers are pregnant. Question 3 2 / 2 pts A parent brings a 5-year-old child to a clinic for a hospital follow-up appointment. The child is taking a medication at a dose equal to an adult dose. The parent reports that the medication is not producing the desired effects. The NP should: order renal function tests. prescribe another medication to treat this child’s symptoms. discontinue the drug and observe the child for toxic side effects. obtain a serum drug level and consider increasing the drug dose. By a child’s first birthday, the liver’s metabolic capabilities are not only mature but also more vigorous than the adult liver, meaning that certain drugs may need to be given in higher doses or more often. It is prudent to obtain a serum drug level and then consider increasing the dose to achieve the desired effect. Renal function tests are not indicated. Unless the child is experiencing toxic effects, the drug does not need to be discontinued. Question 4 2 / 2 pts An NP orders an inhaled corticosteroid 2 puffs twice daily and an albuterol metered-dose inhaler 2 puffs every 4 hours as needed for cough or wheezing for a 65-year-old patient with recent onset of reactive airways disease who reports symptoms occurring every 1 or 2 weeks. At a follow-up appointment several months later, the patient reports no change in frequency of symptoms. The NP’s initial action should be to: order spirometry to evaluate pulmonary function. prescribe a systemic corticosteroid to help with symptoms. ask the patient to describe how the medications are taken each day. give the patient detailed information about the use of metered-dose inhalers. It is essential to explore with the older patient what he or she is actually doing with regard to daily medication use and compare this against the “prescribed” medication regimen before ordering further tests, prescribing any increase in medications, or providing further education. Question 5 2 / 2 pts A patient is diagnosed with a condition that causes chronic pain. The primary care NP prescribes an opioid analgesic and should instruct the patient to: wait until the pain is at a moderate level before taking the medication. take the medication at regular intervals and not just when pain is present. start the medication at higher doses initially and taper down gradually. take the minimum amount needed even when pain is severe to avoid dependency. Chronic pain requires routine administration of drugs, and patients should take analgesics routinely without waiting for increased pain. Question 6 2 / 2 pts A patient tells the primary care NP that he has difficulty getting and maintaining an erection. The NP’s initial response should be to: prescribe sildenafil (Viagra). perform a medication history. evaluate his cardiovascular status. order a papaverine injection test to screen for erectile dysfunction. [Show More]

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