WGU C963 - Quizzes 1-23, Questions & Answers, 100% Accurate, graded A+.

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WGU C963 - Quizzes 1-23, Questions & Answers, 100% Accurate, graded A+. What describes characteristics of a social contract? - ✔✔--Specification of natural rights -a definition of human nature... -a collective expression of a collectively shared interest In what ways is the state of nature important for constructing a social contract? - ✔✔--The State of Nature gives definition to what it means to be human -The state of nature gives definition to natural rights Why is it important to now what the quality of life is like in the state of nature? - ✔✔--It explains the incentive for working cooperatively with others -it helps to frame the type of social contract that is needed to make individual life better What is the purpose of the social contract? - ✔✔--To acknowledge and protect natural rights What is an important weakness of a social contract? - ✔✔--Social contracts require consensus What is true about natural rights? - ✔✔--They let you do what you need to survive and be secure -They impart an equality of being among all people What is true about the state of nature? - ✔✔--is a thought experiment upon which a definition of proper society and government built -permits a philosophical definition of human nature What conditions are required for a social contract to work? - ✔✔--Consensus among whose whom the social contract applies to -uniformity of ability and purpose among those who agree to the social contract Which of these describes the the theory of the social contact? - ✔✔--Society is not natural, but created by the people What are the social contracts constructed to be compatible with? - ✔✔--Human Nature and Natural rights Which was designed with a concern for the tyranny of factional majority? - ✔✔--The constitution What is the Enlightenment? - ✔✔--The source of our ideas about natural rights -A period of Western European history following the Middle Ages Why does the Enlightenment influence American politics and government? - ✔✔--Those immigrating to the American colonies are attracted to the Enlightenment's ideas of liberty and property -The colonist have a long history of self-government, consistent with the Enlightenment's idea's about government by consent -Ideas of the Enlightenment frame the colonists' response to British violations of natural rights. How do conflicting ideas of the Enlightenment influence American government and politics? - ✔✔--The constitution sets up a system of government that isn't favorable to the democratic expression of the popular will -The protection of private property can interfere with the government's dealing with important social needs What ideas are embodied in the Declaration of Independence? - ✔✔--The idea that governments are created by people to protect their natural rights -the natural rights of life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness In what key ways does the Constitution differ from the Declaration of Independence? - ✔✔--is more concerned with controlled rather than expressing the popular will -makes justice more important than liberty What type of rights are contained in the Bill of Rights? - ✔✔--Natural rights -Procedural rights The Constitution's first three articles create separate legislative, executive and judicial branches, is consistent with: - ✔✔--Montesquieu's theory for the separation of political power The constitutions demotion of liberty, and lack of protections for natural rights, suggests the framers were what? - ✔✔--More interested in the practicalities of government Which system of government allows states to retain most of their power and authority while delegating few defined powers to the national government? - ✔✔--A confederation Why did the Articles of Confederation fail? - ✔✔--The articles limited the powers of the national government too much, making it weak and ineffective -the articles gave the states too much authority How did creating a republican form of government in the United States ease the fears of the national government becoming too powerful? - ✔✔--Republican government rested political power in the hands of the people Why was it so difficult to change the Articles of Confederation? - ✔✔--The articles of Confederation required unanimous consent by all the states for any changes Which of these are powers of the national government under the Articles of Confederation? - ✔✔--the power to declare war Why were foreign governments reluctant to loan money to the United States during the time of the Articles of Confederation? - ✔✔--since the national government lacked the ability to tax its citizens, foreign governments feared that the national government would not be able to repay the loans What was a major weakness of the Articles of Confederation? - ✔✔--Congress could not enlist men for a national army Why did the Articles of Confederation provide for such a weak national government? - ✔✔--The colonists/citizens of the United states were afraid of strong central government What was one reason why it was necessary to replace the Articles of Confederation? - ✔✔--The US lacked the military forces to defend the new country What powers did the national government have under the Articles of Confederation? - ✔✔--declare war -borrow and coin money -settle disputes among different states After the Articles of Confederation went into effect, how was the British government able to continue impacting what would happen in the United States? - ✔✔--The British government was able to put pressure on the states through it s occupation and land west of the US -The British government could refuse to accept the currency of the US as a means to pay off any lingering debts -The British government was able to form individual relationships with the states why did the Articles of Confederation fail? - ✔✔--it harmed the international reputation of the US -it weakened the powers of the national government too much -it weakened the economy of the US The power to draft soldiers under the Articles of Confederation required the national government to do which of the following? - ✔✔--appoint senior officials -ask each state to send troops any time they wants to engage in war How did the inability to regulate trade among the states prove to be a weakness for the United States? - ✔✔--many local farmers and business owners could not survive in the economy under the Articles of Confederation -the national government had no power to regulate the price of goods -the inability to regulate trade allowed the states to make their own agreements with other countries without the national government's knowing Why was the inability of the national government to tax a weakness of the Articles of Confederation? - ✔✔--the currency of the US became worthless -being unable to tax often left the national government underfunded -foreign countries did not want to lend or trade with the national government What best describes the differences between the Virginia and New Jersey Plans in the role of federal and state sovereignty? - ✔✔--Supporters of the New Jersey Plan believed that the states were best suited to represent the needs of the citizens while supporters of the Virginia Plan believed that effective representation could happen at the national level. -The Virginia Plan advocated for more powers for the central government. -Supporters of the New Jersey Plan advocated for states to retain power over the national government while supporters of the Virginia Plan wanted the national government to legislate for the states and even veto laws passed by state legislatures. Which plan for representation in the national legislature advocated for the voice of less populous states? - ✔✔--The New Jersey Plan Which plan for representation argued for greater representation for the more populous states? - ✔✔-- The Virginia Plan What best describes the ideas and beliefs of federal and state sovereignty in the Virginia Plan? - ✔✔-- The Virginia Plan not only sought to give more representation to populous states, it also advocated for a national government that would legislate for the states. -Supporters of the Virginia Plan believed that a strong national government was vital to the success of the United States. The motivation for those who introduced and promoted the Virginia Plan was: - ✔✔--To shift more power to the national government In proposing the New Jersey Plan, its proponents were interested in what? - ✔✔--Maintaining the structure of the Articles of Confederation and basing representation on the states Resting at the heart of the debate over the Virginia and New Jersey plans was: - ✔✔--A disagreement over the national government being representative of the people or of the states What debate did the Great Compromise settle so that the Constitutional Convention could continue? - ✔✔--The Great Compromise settled the debate between the large states and small states over state representation in the legislative branch. How do checks and balances keep the branches of government from abusing its power? - ✔✔--Checks and balances require the different branches of government to work together. -Checks and balances allow each branch of government the ability to restrict other branches of government. Several mechanisms were put into place to satisfy the fears of those who felt that if the Constitution gave the national government more power, it would be able to abuse its power and the rights of the people. Which is not one of those mechanisms? - ✔✔--The Supremacy Clause New Jersey Plan - ✔✔--The Senate has equal representation regardless of population of the state. -State governments still given sovereignty over their individual states. Virginia Plan - ✔✔--Bicameral legislature consisting of two chambers. -Senators are appointed rather than popularly elected. -The House of Representatives has state representation that varies based on the size of a state's population. -The National government given increased powers. In what ways does Article I of the Constitution prevent the national government from engaging in taxation without representation? - ✔✔--Both the House and Senate must approve of all revenue bills. -All bills to raise revenue must begin in the House of Representatives How was slavery involved in the Constitutional Convention? - ✔✔--Representatives from the North were adamant that slaves not be counted towards a state's population while Southerners insisted that they be counted. Which is not an accurate example of checks and balances in the national government? - ✔✔--Congress has the power to declare laws and actions by the executive branch as unconstitutional. What are specific powers given to Congress in Article I of the Constitution? - ✔✔--to tax -to regulate trade and commerce -to declare war The Executive Branch - ✔✔--The power to veto laws passed by Congress The Legislative Branch - ✔✔--The power to lay and collect taxes -The power to declare war -The power to remove a president from office The Judicial Branch - ✔✔--The power to declare laws unconstitutional To reinforce the representational differences in the national bicameral legislature, the Great Compromise required that: - ✔✔--Members of the House of Representatives be selected by the voters, and members of the Senate be selected by the state legislatures. The most important structural outcome of the Great Compromise was: - ✔✔--The creation of a bicameral national legislature, with each chamber representing a different type of political actor. *The two-chamber legislature represents both the people (House), and the states (Senate). The Three-Fifths Compromise worked to: - ✔✔--Increase the representation of Southern states in the House of Representatives. Which Constitutional change was not advocated by the Federalists? - ✔✔--The addition of the Bill of Rights Why did the Anti-Federalists advocate for the addition of the Bill of Rights to the Constitution? - ✔✔--To prevent tyranny over the people by the national government. -To explicitly protect the rights of individuals. -The Anti-Federalists believed that the language in the Bill of Rights would keep the government from taking away the rights of the people in a tyrannical fashion. Why did the Anti-Federalists want the government to remain closer to the people? - ✔✔--To prevent the possibility of government tyranny. -To keep the wealthy elites from having complete power. -The Anti-Federalists feared that a strong national government run by elites would have the ability to take advantage of the people and turn the government into a tyrant. Why did the Federalists want to make the national government as strong as possible? - ✔✔--To build and maintain a strong economy. -To provide more protection for the United States against potential threats. -The Federalists thought that under the Articles of Confederation, there was no national army so there was no way for the national government to protect itself and the states from international and domestic threats. They were also worried about the need to build a strong national economy. The name of the series of essays published beginning in 1787 that argued in support of a strong federal government and the ratification of the Constitution was: - ✔✔--The Federalist Papers -The Federalist Papers, authored by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay, made a public case for the importance of ratifying the constitution. Which of these options helped the Federalists gain more support for their theories of a representative government with increased national powers? - ✔✔--The Federalist Papers Which is not a reason James Madison found it necessary to write Federalist, no. 51? - ✔✔--Madison wrote Federalist, no. 51 to make states understand that there was no way to prevent the government from becoming tyrannical and abusing its people. In Federalist no. 51, Madison argues for the division of government authority to each branch of government. What is this known as? - ✔✔--Separation of Powers Legislative Branch - ✔✔--Power to Approve Treaties -Power to deal with international trade Judicial Branch - ✔✔--Power to ensure laws agree with the Constitution Executive Branch - ✔✔--Commander-in-chief of the armed forces -Power to carry out the laws of the land -Power to Pardon Who has the most important role in foreign policy? - ✔✔--The President On which branch of government does the constitution provide the most detail as it relates to powers? - ✔✔--Congress Which entity has the power to execute laws passed by Congress? - ✔✔--The president and officials in the executive branch are in charge of executing the laws passed by Congress. Which of these powers does the president hold? - ✔✔--The power to grant pardons Why did the founding fathers provide so little detail for the judiciary? - ✔✔--The Founding Fathers provided little detail for the judiciary because they understood the role of courts and the judicial system from the English system and the colonial period. How long is the term for federal judges? - ✔✔--Judges serve during times of good behavior. Which check limits the power of Congressional law-making? - ✔✔--The president's power to veto is a limitation to Congressional law-making. What powers does Congress possess? - ✔✔--the power to declare war -the power (by the Senate) to pass treaties with a two-thirds majority vote Why did the Founding Fathers develop the system of checks and balances? - ✔✔--The Founding Fathers feared a government that would be too strong. Which of these was intended as part of the system of checks and balances? - ✔✔--The ability of the president to veto acts of Congress was intended as part of the system of checks and balances. Which is true concerning executive agreements with foreign countries? - ✔✔--Executive agreements are valid only as long as the political leaders from both countries are in power. Which is true of the impeachment process? - ✔✔--The impeachment process involves a majority vote in the House of Representatives, followed by a hearing in the Senate requiring a two-thirds vote to remove an individual. Which statement is true regarding the federal system of government? - ✔✔--Federalist systems work best In countries that are large and diverse. Which statement about federal and unitary systems is most accurate? - ✔✔--in a federal system, powers are divided between states and national governments. In a unitary system, all power is held within the national government. Which concept is an Enlightenment idea that influenced the leaders of the American Revolution? - ✔✔-- Social Contract How does the Bill of Rights reflect the influence of Enlightenment ideas on the Constitution? - ✔✔--The Bill of Rights explicitly listed individual freedoms How does the Bill of Rights reflect the influence of Enlightenment ideas on the Constitution?* - ✔✔--It was an alliance of independent states under a limited central government.* What was a major problem with the Articles of Confederation? - ✔✔--The national government did not have the power to impose taxes. What describes Clause 3 of Article IV, Section 2 in the Constitution? - ✔✔--Slave owners could reclaim their slaves in states where they had fled. Which major compromise was made at the Constitutional Convention? - ✔✔--The proportional representation of enslaved persons What describes the opposing views in the debates between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists? - ✔✔-- Federalists favored a strong central government while the Anti-Federalist favored strong state governments. What is an argument outlined in Federalist, no. 10? - ✔✔--The diverse interests of the people would prevent the development of powerful political parties. How do the branches of government operate under the concept of checks and balances? - ✔✔--The branches of government must cooperate to function, and each branch can restrict the others branches' powers. Which of these accurately describes checks and balances? - ✔✔--Each branch can restrain the others through a system of shared powers Which of the following enumerated powers of con [Show More]

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