*NURSING > STUDY GUIDE > NR 602 MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE: (All)
CHALAZIONS /BLEPHARITIS /OTITIS MEDIAAny child with moderate/severe bulging TM with otorrhea not associated with AOM Yes Any child with mild bulging of the TM with recent (<48 hours) onset pain ... (holding, tugging, and so on) or intensely erythematous TM Yes Babies ≥6 months of age with severe signs of AOM (fever >102.2° F [39° C], otalgia for ≥48 hours) Yes Any child 6 to 23 months old with acute bilateral otitis media without severe symptoms, without fever, and sick less than 48 hours Yes Young children with unilateral AOM without severe symptoms and fever <102.2° F [39° C] Provide prescription and/or wait Close follow-up Children ≥24 months old without severe symptoms Provide prescription and/or wait Close follow-up Children not treated and no improvement in 48 to 72 hours See the patient again5 Diagnosis Treat Clinician discretion whether or not to treat 4. CONJUCTIVITIS – inflammation or irritation of conjunctiva Bacterial (PINK EYE) – in peds bacteria is the most common cause, contact lens, rubbing eyes, trauma, S&S – purulent exudate, initially unilateral, then bilateral Sensation of having foreign body in the eye is common Key findings – redness, yellow green, purulent discharge, crust and matted eyelids in am Self-limiting 5-7 days. Eye drops – polytrim, erythromycin, tobramycin or cipro Improvement 2-4 days Most common organism H. influenza <7 Viral – adenovirus, coxsackie virus, herpes, molluscum S&S – profuse tearing, mucous discharge, burning, concurrent URI, enlarged or tender preauricular noseVERRUCA VULGARIS - WART painless, benign skin tumors which are viral and can be transmitted by touch HPV 6 or 11 Common wart – rough surface, elevated, flesh-colored papules Avoid contact with wart exudate from self Treatment- paring and debridement of wart prior to any treatment Soak in warm water, occlude with waterproof tape for 1 week and leave open to air for 8- 12 hours, then reocclude for 1 week Topical Duofil, Oclussal Hp must be applied up to 12 weeks CRYOTHERAPY with liquid nitrogen ( 5 second freeze until an ice ball forms Warts resistant to treatment - biopsy Herpetic Whitlow occurring on a finger or thumb, is a swollen, painful lesion with an erythematous base and ulceration resembling a paronychia. It occurs on fingers of thumb-sucking children with gingivostomatitis or adolescents with genital HSV infection. Lesions occur in children of all ages, are contagious as long as they are present, and have an incubation period of 2 to 12 days. Primary lesions usually occur before 5 years old, are more painful and extensive, and last longer. S&S primary herpes, fever, malaise, sore throat, and decreased fluid intake Deep-appearing vesicles on fingers Diagnostic Studies A Tzanck smear can be done on fluid from the lesions to identify epidermal giant cells, but does not distinguish HSV-1 from HSV-2. Viral cultures are the gold standard for defini CERVICAL CAP o Currently, a non-latex cervical cap (FemCap) is available in the U.S. o reusable, flexible, domed cap o The cervical cap comes in 3 sizes to fit most women (fitting required). The device should be used with spermicide. Fertility Awareness o Fertility awareness methods use physical signs, symptoms, and cycle data to determine when ovulation occurs. o The Standard Days Method (SDM), on which CycleBeads are based, helps the woman track her cycle days and know when she is fertile. avoid unprotected intercourse on days 8–19 of the menstrual cycle, as these are the fertile days. o These methods are suitable for women with menstrual cycles between 26 and 32 days long. Users who have 2 or more cycles outside the 26–32-day range within any 1 year of use should be advised that the method may not be appropriate because of a higher risk of pregnancy o Films and suppositories spermicide require 10–15 minutes for activation Nonoxynol-9 spermicides increase a woman’s risk of HIV-1 infection. Emergency contraception42 o For most the instructions are to take 1 tablet within 72 hours (3 [Show More]
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