CHAPTER 07 CONTROL OF GENE EXPRESSION MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL SIXTH EDITION BRUCE ALBERTS TEST BANK QUESTIONS WITH ANSWER KEY

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1 Indicate true (T) and false (F) statements below regarding gene control. Your answer would be a four-letter string composed of letters T and F only, e.g. TTFT. ( ) Development of multicellular orga... nisms from a fertilized egg only rarely involves DNA rearrangements in specialized cells. ( ) A typical human cell expresses less than 1% of its approximately 30,000 genes at any given time. ( ) Genes that are expressed in all cell types usually vary in their level of expression in different cell types. ( ) Many differentiated plant cells can be fully de-differentiated and give rise to an entire plant. 2 In the following schematic graph of a hypothetical set of RNA-seq data, the number of reads is plotted for a region of chromosome containing two genes, from samples obtained from two different tissues. Which gene (X or Y) do you think is more likely a “housekeeping” gene? Which region (1 or 2) within gene Y most likely corresponds to an exon? 1 2 Liver Brain Gene X Position on chromosome Gene Y A. Gene X; region 1 B. Gene X; region 2 C. Both genes; region 1 D. Gene Y; region 1 E. Gene Y; region 2 3 Studying the expression of a transcription regulatory protein in two cell types, you have performed experiments showing that the mRNA encoding the protein is present at comparable levels in the cytosol of both cell types. However, based on the expression of its target genes, you suspect that the protein activity might be significantly different in the two cell types. Which of the following steps in expression of the gene encoding this protein is more likely to be differentially controlled in these cell types? A. Transcription B. Translation C. mRNA transport D. mRNA degradation 4 In analysis using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of the proteins expressed in different cell types, the number of spots that are different in different cells usually exceeds the number of common spots, and even the common spots can still have different intensities. The spots representing which of the following proteins would you expect to be among the common spots when compared across several cell types? A. RPL10 (a ribosomal protein) B. HBA1 (a hemoglobin subunit) C. Insulin (a hormone) D. Tyrosine aminotransferase (a metabolic enzyme) E. All of the above 5 What determines the time and place that a certain gene is transcribed in the cell? A. The type of cis-regulatory sequences associated with it B. The relative position of cis-regulatory sequences associated with it C. The arrangement of various cis-regulatory sequences associated with it D. The specific combination of transcription regulators present in the nucleus E. All of the above 6 The majority of transcription regulators make sequence-specific contacts with DNA in the major groove. In the two diagrams below, where are the contact surfaces that are exposed in the major groove? 1 2 A. 1, 3 B. 1, 4 C. 2, 3 D. 2, 4 7 Considering the diagrams below that show hydrogen-bond donors and acceptors as well as hydrophobic groups in four DNA base pairs, which of the following do you think is the most difficult to accomplish by DNA-binding proteins? [Show More]

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