NURS 8022 Chapter 36: Alterations of Digestive Function

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1. Which of the following types of diarrhea would most likely occur with a bacterial GI infection? a. Osmotic b. Secretory c. Hypotonic d. Motility ANS: B Bacterial infections lead to secretory... diarrhea. A nonabsorbable substance in the intestine leads to osmotic diarrhea. Hypotonic diarrhea is not a form of diarrhea. Food is not mixed properly, digestion and absorption are impaired, and motility is increased, leading to motility diarrhea. REF: p. 908 2. A 20-year-old recently diagnosed with lactose intolerance eats an ice cream cone and develops diarrhea. This diarrhea can be classified as _____ diarrhea. a. osmotic b. secretory c. hypotonic d. motility ANS: A A nonabsorbable substance in the intestine leads to osmotic diarrhea. Infections lead to secretory diarrhea. Hypotonic diarrhea is not a form of diarrhea. Food is not mixed properly, digestion and absorption are impaired, and motility is increased leading to motility diarrhea. REF: p. 908 3. Assuming that midline epigastric pain is caused by a stimulus acting on an abdominal organ, the pain felt is classified as: a. visceral. b. somatic. c. parietal. d. referred. ANS: A Visceral pain arises from a stimulus (distention, inflammation, and ischemia) acting on an abdominal organ. Somatic is a form of parietal pain. Parietal pain, from the parietal peritoneum, is more localized and intense than visceral pain, which arises from the organs themselves. Referred pain is visceral pain felt at some distance from a diseased or affected organ. REF: p. 9094. The most common disorder associated with upper GI bleeding is: a. diverticulosis. b. hemorrhoids. c. esophageal varices. d. cancer. ANS: C Esophageal varices is the most common disorder associated with upper GI bleeding. Diverticulosis could lead to bleeding, but it would be lower GI rather than upper. Hemorrhoids can lead to bleeding, but they would be lower GI. Cancer could lead to upper GI bleeding, but peptic ulcers and varices are identified as more common. REF: p. 909 5. Bright red bleeding from the rectum is referred to as: a. melena. b. occult bleeding. c. hematochezia. d. hematemesis. ANS: C Bleeding from the upper GI tract can also be rapid enough to produce hematochezia (bright red stools). Melena is a black or tarry stool. Occult bleeding is hidden bleeding. Hematemesis is vomiting blood. REF: p. 909 6. A 50-year-old is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux. This condition is caused by: a. fibrosis of the lower third of the esophagus. b. sympathetic nerve stimulation. c. loss of muscle tone at the lower esophageal sphincter. d. reverse peristalsis of the stomach. ANS: C Gastroesophageal reflux is due to loss of muscle tone [Show More]

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