BIOS 242 / BIOS242: Fundamentals of Microbiology Midterm Exam Latest Update Chamberlain College of Nursing

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BIOS-242 Fundamentals of Microbiology Midterm Exam 1. Which of the following is true? A. Metabolism only involves breaking down larger molecules. - Amphibolic rxns can proceed toward anabolism... or catabolism. 2. Which of the following is associated with the greatest risks to human health? - 3. The presence of mycolic acid in the cell wall characterizes? - . 4. Which of the following is a fungis? - 5. Which microbe is correctly paired with its BSL level? - 6. Which are the stages of bacterial growth in order? - 7. Which of the following are halogens? - 8. Activation energy _____________. - 9. Insects that carry pathogenic microbes, but do not serve as hosts are considered ______________. - 10. Which of the following is true of virions? A. They may include an envelope. B. They always include nucleic acid. C. They always include a protein capsid. D. All the above. - 11. Which of the following drugs targets construction of the peptidoglycan cell wall? - 12. In which habitat would you most likely find archaea? A. acidic hot springs. B. great salt lake. C. deep sea waters. D. all the above. - 13. Single rods are? - 14. Which of the following is true of viroid’s? - 15. Bacteria and archaea were separated into different domains based on ____________. - 16. Pairs of rod-shaped cells arranged end-to-end are ___________. - 17. Which of the following drugs targets bacterial cell membranes? - 18. Chains of spheres are? - 19. During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes decondense and nuclear membrane reforms? - 20. Which is the primary stain in the Gram stain technique? - 21. During which phase of mitosis does the nuclear membrane disappear? - 22. Teichoic acid is found in the cell walls of ____________. - 23. Which is true of disinfectants? - 24. Glycolysis results in _________. - 25. Which is the primary stain in the capsule stain technique? - 26. Animal viruses lay dormant (inactive) in __________. - 27. Which enzyme class catalyzes the transfer of functional groups between substrates? - 28. When placed in a hypertonic solution ____________. - 29. Which of the following is associated with Chlamydia? - 30. Which of the following favored the theory of spontaneous generation? - 31. Which is true of radiation for microbial control? - 32. Which enzyme class catalyzes the splitting of a chemical into smaller parts without water? - 33. Viral particles are continually shed during ___________. - 34. When does DNA replication occur? - 35. Who was the first to view protozoa and bacteria? - 36. Endospores of which organism(s) can be used as a biological indicator of sterilization? - 37. When placed in a hypotonic solution __________. bacterial cells survive because of their cell walls. - 38. Who developed the first smallpox vaccination? - 39. Which of the following microorganisms are NOT eukaryotic? - 40. Comma shaped cells are ____________. - 41. Which is true of antiseptics? - t 42. If mesophilic bacteria are grown at very high temperature ____________. - proteins will denature. cell membranes will become too fluid. hydrogen bonds will be broken. 43. Which of the following drugs targets protein synthesis? - 44. Who is credited with the germ theory of disease? - 45. Single spheres are __________. - 46. Which of the following is true? - 47. Which enzyme class catalyzes the transfer of electrons between molecules? - 48. Which of the following is the correct sequence of viral replication? - 49. Gram negative bacteria ____________. - 50. Bacterial pili are used for ___________. - 51. What is the purpose of ethanol in the gram stain technique? - 52. Which of the following drugs targets only Mycobacterial cell walls? - 53. Which is the primary stain in the endospore stain technique? - 54. Lipid A (aka Endotoxin) can cause shock in - 55. Endospores ____________. - remain alive for decades. can remain alive in boiling water. exist in a state of suspended animation. 56. Which of the following is true? - 57. Which is the primary stain in the acid-fast stain technique? - 58. During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes align at the equator of the cell? - 59. V-shaped zig zagging arrangements of cells are - 60. A virus exists inside the cell as ____________. - 61. Which is true of the difference between viruses and prions? - 62. Clostridia and Bacilli produce - 63. Which of the following developed the most widely used bacterial staining technique? - 64. Clusters of spheres are - 65. The presentation of beef jerky from microbial growth uses which method of microbial control? - 66. The key to any successful antibiotic is _____________. - 67. Which enzyme class catalyzes catabolic reactions? - 68. Which of the following are unique to Eukaryotes? - 69. Which enzyme class catalyzes the rearrangement of atoms within a molecule? - 70. Viruses shed slowly and steadily during ___________. - 71. Put the following stages of a lytic replication cycle in order from earliest to latest. I. Synthesis. II. Assembly. III. Attachment. IV. Release. V. Entry. - 72. The outermost layer of a virion fulfills which of the following functions of the virus? - 73. Lichens are composed of a symbiosis of fungi and which of the following? - 74. The ____________ is the entire interwoven mass of one multicellular fungal organism. - 75. Sister chromatids separate and move toward the poles of the cell during ___________ of mitosis. - 76. Anaerobic bacteria may use which of the following as final electron acceptors in respiration? - 77. Which of the following statements about fermentation is incorrect? - 78. What is the role of an enzyme in a chemical reaction in a cell? - 79. Chemical reactions that can proceed toward either anabolism or catabolism are called __________. - 80. Explain how aerobic organisms tolerate the presence of oxygen in their metabolic pathways despite its toxic properties. - 81. Explain how temperature and pH levels can influence microbial infections in the human body. - 82. Genetic methods of detecting microorganisms reveal that the number of bacterial species in nature exceeds previous estimates by several orders of magnitude. In the human mouth, for example, it is estimated that 500-700 microbial species are normally present. Explain why previous estimates were low. - P 83. An organism that tolerates high ______________ is called a halophile. - 84. During which growth phase are bacteria more susceptible to antimicrobial drugs? - 85. A cell that uses an organic carbon source and obtains energy from light would be called a ___________. - 86. Which of the following statements about transmission electron microscopy is false? - 87. The rules of naming organisms are called? - 88. If a microbiology lab technician left the safranin out of the Gram stain procedure what would be the result? - 89. Why does immersion oil improve resolution? - 90. if you were trying to visualize flagella without staining, which microscope would you use? - 91. Paul Ehrlich - 92. Alexander Fleming - 93. Gerhard Domagk - 94. Selamn Waksman - 95. Beta-lactams. - 96. Lipoglycopeptides: Vancomycin and cycloserine. - 97. Bacitracin. - 98. Isoniazid and ethambutol. - 99. Echinocandins. - 100. Aminoglycosides. - 101. Tetracyclines. - 102. Chloramphenicol. - 103. Lincosamides, streptogramins, macrolides (e.g. erythromycin) - 104. Antisense nucleic acids. - 105. Oxazolidinones. - 106. Muprocin. - 107. Polyenes. - 108. Azoles and allylamines. - 109. Polymyxin. - 110. Sulfonamides (sulfa drugs) - 111. Trimethoprim. - 112. Protease inhibitors. - 113. Quinolones and fluoroquinolones. - 114. Nucleotide or nucleoside analogs. - 115. Rifampin - 116. Reverse transcriptase inhibitors. - 117. Bacteriocins - 118. algae. - 119. protozoa. - 120. Fungi - 121. describe in detail the Gram staining process. - 122. Five stages of lytic replication cycle. - [Show More]

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