Criminal Investigation 2022 MidTerm EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS(SCORES 100%)

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Criminal Investigation MidTerm Which of the following refers to the reasoning that takes us beyond what we know to conclusions about what we don't know? Correct Answer: Inductive reasoning. Whi... ch are objectives of criminal investigation? |. Recover stolen property. ||. Preserve evidence in crimes. |||. Prepare criminal cases for prosecution. Correct Answer: |, ||, |||. The watershed in British police development occurred in 1829 with the establishment of the London Metropolitan Police Department by ___________________. Correct Answer: Sir Robert Peel. The criminal investigator must incorporate skills of critical thinking with known scientific methods in their investigations. When comparing these two approaches to criminal investigation, which statement below best reflects a scientific method? Correct Answer: The collection of data through observation and experimentation and the formulation and testing of hypothesis. Criminal investigations are conducted through the use of three different responses: reactive, proactive, and preventive. Which of the following crimes would normally require a "reactive" investigation? Correct Answer: Robbery. Unless the patrol officer is able to make an immediate, on-scene arrest, 12 essential questions need direct answers to determine the solvability of the case. Based on the following facts, use the solvability factors identified in the text to answer the solvability question in this case: A 32 year old woman was physically assaulted by her live-in boyfriend. He used a lamp to strike the woman in the back of the head while she was attempting to escape his grasp during an argument. The man left the scene prior to the police arriving. Correct Answer: This case is highly solvable. Collect statements and evidence, obtain an arrest warrant, document the scene and refer the woman to the domestic abuse shelter for counseling and services. The preliminary investigation is the responsibility of the _________ __________ at the crime scene. His or her actions at the scene can greatly influence the ultimate success or failure of the investigation. Correct Answer: First officer. Evidence such as fingerprints, footprints, bloodstains, and fibers are examples of: Correct Answer: Associative evidence. When first encountering a victim and or witness, it is important for the investigator to allow the person to state in his or her own words what occurred. How is this best accomplished? Correct Answer: By asking the simple question, "what happened?" Which of the following should be included in a police officer's field notes? Correct Answer: Dates, times, locations, description of victim, and wounds on the victim. Photographs of the crime scene are usually taken in three stages. This approach enables a picture of all circumstances to be painted for jurors while leading up to the most critical part of the crime scene. What are the three photographic stages to document a crime scene? Correct Answer: General views, medium-range, and close-up views. What statement below best summarizes the current use of crime scene sketches? Correct Answer: Jurors typically, can relate to a well-drafted sketch depicting all-important areas of the crime scene location. Which of the following statement(s) regarding trace evidence is/are correct? |. It usually is in plain view of investigators. ||. It plays a greater role today with the aid of modern forensic analysis. |||. Criminals seek to destroy it before leaving the crime scene. Correct Answer: ||. In general, officers are permitted to conduct a protective search or sweep of the premises when they have reasonable grounds to believe that a person within the premises is in immediate need of assistance or ___________. Correct Answer: A perpetrator is present. Why should entries into crime scenes be conducted only when necessary? Correct Answer: To avoid the destruction or contamination of important evidence. Evidence established by law that at face value proves a fact in dispute is known as _______________. Correct Answer: Prima facie evidence. Which of the following is NOT one of the phases in the search of the crime scene? Correct Answer: Examining the victim's background. The _______________________ states that whenever the perpetrator of a crime comes into contact with the scene, he or she will both bring something into the scene, and leave with something from the scene. In other words, this principle asserts that every contact leave minimally, a trace of evidence. Correct Answer: Locard's principle. Investigators are called to a scene where a kidnapping of a 12 year old girl was reported. Witnesses consistently state the girl was forced into a blue mini-van. The witnesses include several of her friends and two adults. The investigation has resulted in the identification of a van registered to Roger P. Anderson of 1594 Maple Drive and this matches the description of the vehicle used in the abductions. How many crime scenes should the police be immediately concerned about? Correct Answer: Three crime scenes - the park the mini-van, and the residence at 1594 Maple Drive should be secured and searched with proper search warrants. In the evidence-collection process, contamination of evidence occurs most commonly when evidence is not properly secured, is wrongfully mixed with other types of evidence, or is altered significantly from its original condition at the crime scene. What are the legal consequences if evidence is not handled properly? Correct Answer: When this occurs, the evidence is usually rendered inadmissible or "incompetent" by the court. Which is the best method of seizing a handgun as evidence? Correct Answer: Using two fingers to hold the grip. Prima facie evidence is evidence established by law that at face value proves a fact in dispute. Which of the following is an example of prima facie evidence? Correct Answer: The estranged husband confessed that he shot his wife during an argument. A police officer learns that Julie and George Hammer-stone are growing and selling marijuana out of their home on Stewart Avenue. What constitutional limit governs the officer's actions in regards to searching this home for evidence? Correct Answer: Fourth Amendment. A police officer has arrested a man in front of his house for felony theft. Subsequent to the arrest, what can the officer search? Correct Answer: The officer may thoroughly search the man but may not conduct a strip search. A police officer has information that a man is selling drugs out of his own home. The officer goes to the home, knocks on the door. The man's wife answers the door and gives the police officer consent to search the house. The officer searches the entire home and finds drugs, a digital scale, cash, drug packaging material, and drug ledgers. What statement below regarding the discovered evidence is true? Correct Answer: All of the evidence is admissible and may be used in court. What is the purpose of the crime scene "walk-through?" Correct Answer: It provides an overview of the entire scene, as well as identifies any threats to scene integrity, and ensure protection of physical evidence. A police officer is dispatched to a domestic disturbance called in my a woman who told the dispatcher that her boyfriend was trying to beat her up with a baseball bat. The vistim said that she had locked herself in the bathroom and was trapped. The officer who arrived at the scene cautiously approached the home and hear loud crashing, banging, and screaming by both a man and a woman. What should the officer to> Correct Answer: Enter the home without a warrant. A police officer is at a crime scene and locates a footprint in a flowerbed near an open window. The window is examined closely and pry marks are discovered on the lower window sash and window sill indicating forced entry. The police officer pointed out the evidence to the investigator who photographed the evidence and collected the footwear impression using a liquid footwear casting system. Who is required to testify in court to get the evidence admitted during the trial? Correct Answer: Both the police officer who discovered the evidence and the investigator who collected the evidence are usually required to testify. Which of the following can be processed using the AFIS? Correct Answer: Latent prints. Which of the following are the two major methods of fingerprint preservation? Correct Answer: Photographing and Lifting. Which of the following are the main groups of fingerprints? Correct Answer: Latent, Plastic, and Visible. [Show More]

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