ACSM STUDY GUIDE Questions sections with accurate answers. Verified.

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ACSM STUDY GUIDE Questions sections with accurate answers. Verified. THIS IS EVERYTHING YOU NEED FOR THE ACSM PT EXAM. I PUT EVERYTHING TOGETHER BY USING THE KSA'S. THERE ARE DUPLICATES OF CERTAI... N TERMS FOR THE PURPOSE OF I FELT THERE WERE IMPORT AND REALLY WANTED A GRASP ON THEM. BIOMECHANICS - ✔✔-principles of physics related to energy and force as they apply to the human body PROXIMAL - ✔✔-CLOSER TO THE TRUNK DISTAL - ✔✔-further from the trunk SUPERIOR (CRANIAL) - ✔✔-above, toward the head INFERIOR (CAUDAL) - ✔✔-lower than, toward the feet ANTERIOR (VENTRAL) - ✔✔-toward the front POSTERIOR (DORSAL) - ✔✔-toward the back MEDIAL - ✔✔-closer to the midline LATERAL - ✔✔-further from the midline THREE CARDINAL BODY PLANES - ✔✔-sagittal plane, frontal plane, transverse plane SAGITTAL PLANE - ✔✔-makes a division into right and left portions FRONTAL PLANE - ✔✔-makes a division into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions TRANSVERSE PLANE - ✔✔-makes a division into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) portions ROTATION - ✔✔-movement around a longitudinal axis, either toward or away from the midline CIRCUMDUCTION - ✔✔-a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction EVERSION - ✔✔-turning the sole of the foot away from the midline INVERSION - ✔✔-turning the sole of the foot toward the midline Bones of the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum... - ✔✔-AXIAL SKELETON VERTEBRAL COLUMN (SPINE) - ✔✔-serves as the main axial support for the body 4 Major curvatures of the adult vertebral column - ✔✔-cervical curve, thoracic curve, lumbar curve, sacral curve KYPHOSIS "primary curves" - ✔✔-curves of the thoracic and sacral regions LORDOSIS "secondary curves" - ✔✔-curves of the cervical and lumbar region Commonly found abnormal curves in the sagittal plane - ✔✔-hyperkyphosis and hyperlordosis HYPERKYPHOSIS - ✔✔-exaggerated posterior thoracic curvature HYPERLORDOSIS - ✔✔-exaggerated anterior lumbar curvature Commonly found abnormal curve in the frontal plane - ✔✔-scoliosis STERNUM - ✔✔-midline of the chest What are the 3 parts of the sternum? - ✔✔-manubrium, body, xiphoid process RF for family history - ✔✔-myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization or sudden death to a 1st degree family member when >55 male, >65 female RF for cigarette smoking - ✔✔-within 6 months Risk factor for Dyslipidemia LDL - ✔✔-Lgreater than 130 mg/dL RF Dyslipidemia Total Cholesterol - ✔✔-greater than 200 mg/dL RF Dyslipidemia low HDL - ✔✔-less than 40 mg/dL RF Sedentary minutes of activity, days of week, past # of months - ✔✔-less than 30 min/day, 3 days/week, for at least 3 months RF Prediabetes fasting blood glucose - ✔✔-greater than or equal to 100 mg/dL up to 126 greater than or equal to 126 mg/dL - ✔✔-Fasting Blood Glucose for Diabetes diagnosis RF for Obesity - ✔✔-body mass of greater then or equal to 30kg/m2; waist girthgreater than 102 cm for men and 88 cm for women RF Age men, women - ✔✔-45 men, 55 women Negative Risk Factor - ✔✔-HDL greater than 60 mg/dL RF for hypertensive - ✔✔-systolic greater than or equal to 140; diastolic greater then or equal to 90; confirmed by 2 separate occasions or on hypertension meds obesity - ✔✔-excessivly high amounts of body fat or adipose tissue in relation to lean body mass overweight - ✔✔-increased body weight, in relation to height when compared to some standard of acceptable or desirable weight percent fat - ✔✔-the total amount of weight that is measured as fat tissue body mass index BMI - ✔✔-the height to weight ratio can be misleading because it does not consider body type lean body mass - ✔✔-not fat tissue: muscle, bone, skin etc anorexia nervosa - ✔✔-the disorder of self-induced starvation bulimia nervosa - ✔✔-the psychologically addictive cycle of binging/purging USRDA food pyramid - ✔✔-1. fat, oils & sweets: use sparingly 2. milk, yogurt &cheese 2-3 servings; 3. meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, nuts, eggs: 2-3 servings; 4. fruits: 3-5 serv; 5. veggies: 3-5 serv. 6. bread, cereal, rice, & pasta: 6-11 serv female athlete triad - ✔✔-amenorrhea, osteoporosis, and eating disorders; when left untreated they damage the musculoskeletal and reproductive systems # of kilocalories in one gram - ✔✔-Carbo= 4; fats=9; protein=4; alcohol=7 guidelines for losing weight - ✔✔-500-1000 cal daily to lose 1-2 lbs. per wk; same to increase kilocalaries - ✔✔-equivalent to losing 1 lb of fat 3500cal waist-hip ratio - ✔✔-Hips/Waist (ex. 45" waist and 36" hips... 36/45=.8) ratios above .86 for women and .95 for men indicate abdominal adiposity Heart Rate (HR) - ✔✔-total # of times the heart contracts in one minute, increases with work-rate during exercise Stroke Volume - ✔✔-amount of blood pumped from the left ventricle in one beat Cardiac Output - ✔✔-the amount of blood pumped from the heart in one minute Blood Pressure - ✔✔-arterial pressure providing force for blood flow (systolic and diastolic pressure) Arteriovenous Oxygen Difference - ✔✔-difference between oxygen content of arterial and venous blood Blood Flow - ✔✔-distribution of the cardiac output Maximum Oxygen Consumption - ✔✔-highest rate and amount of oxygen achieved at maximal physical exertion Types of muscle tissue - ✔✔-cardiac, smooth, and skeletal Cardiac muscle - ✔✔-cardiac muscle tissue is involuntary, it is the tissue of the heart smooth muscle - ✔✔-involuntary muscle tissue that lines the arterial walls and organs of the body skeletal muscle - ✔✔-voluntary and made up of striated fibers Kinesiology - ✔✔-the study of human movement Bones - ✔✔-mineral reservior, internal skeleton (levers) joints - ✔✔-where two bones meet (fulcrum and axis) muscle tissue - ✔✔-elastic tissue with contractile properties (pulley) tendons - ✔✔-connective tissue that connects muscles to bone ligaments - ✔✔-connective tissue that connects bone to bone cartilage - ✔✔-white fibrous tissue that cushions surfaces and prevents friction (cushions bones) anterior/posterior - ✔✔-front/ back inferior/superior - ✔✔-below/ above medial/lateral - ✔✔-closer to midline/further from midline proximal/distal - ✔✔-closer to trunk/further from trunk abduction/adduction - ✔✔-movement away/into from midline horizontal abduction - ✔✔-the row horizontal adduction - ✔✔-chest p [Show More]

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