NURS 3481 Psych Exam 1 Review – University of Texas | NURS3481 Psych Exam 1 Review

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NURS 3481 Psych Exam 1 Review – University of Texas Psych Exam 1 Review: Chapter 1: Describe the continuum of mental health and mental illness. 1. Health 2. Well being: occasional stress to... mild distress; no impairment 3. Emotional Problems or concerns: mild to moderate distress; mild or temporary impairment 4. Mental Illness: marked distress; moderate to disabling or chronic impariment Explore the role of resilience in the prevention of and recovery from mental illness and consider resilience in response to stress. Resilience is not being unaffected by stressors; it is coping with stressors well in a stressful situation. The more resilient you are, the better your outcome is during a crisis Identify how culture influences the view of mental illnesses and behaviors associated with them. The view on mental illnesses is entirely dependent on culture. Each culture views things differently. Discuss the nature/nurture origins of psychiatric disorders. Psych disorders were originally viewed as a psychological process that could be directed with therapy. Then they found that chlorpromazine (Thiazine) was effective in treating different disorders. This caused researchers to question if the disorders were caused by a biological imbalance. They have decided that a combination of biological imbalances plus psychological imbalances lead to psychiatric disorders. Summarize the social influences of mental health care in the United States. Mental illnesses used to be a very negative thing. Lots of people have worked to get rid of the stigma associated with mental illness. The concept of recovery has also been heavily pushed. Explain how epidemiological studies can improve medical and nursing care. Epidemiology helps researchers identify high risk groups and high risk factors associated with mental illnesses. Incidence is the number of new cases of mental disorders in a healthy population within a given time. Prevalence is the total number of cases in a given time period. Clinical epidemiology studies natural history, studies of diagnostic tests, and experimental studies. Identify how the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 5th edition (DSM-5) is used for diagnosing psychiatric conditions. It is the official way to diagnose disorders. Has 157 different disorders Describe the specialty of psychiatric mental health nursing and list three phenomena of concern. “Promoting mental health through the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of human responses to mental health problems and psychiatric disorders” • Promotion of optimal mental and psychical health and prevention of mental illness • Impaired ability to function related to mental distress • Alterations in thinking due to mental distress • More on page 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Compare and contrast legal ethical concepts such as beneficence, maleficence, tort, autonomy and justice. Beneficence: duty to act to benefit or promote the good of others Maleficence: committing harm Tort: a civil wrong for which money damages (or other relief) may be obtained by the injured party from the wrongdoer Autonomy: respecting the rights of others to make their own decisions Justice: the duty to distribute resources or care equally, regardless of personal attributes Compare contrast and give examples of primary, secondary and tertiary levels of prevention Primary: occurs before there is a problem and seeks to reduce the incidence of new cases Secondary: early identification of problems aimed at reducing incidence Tertiary: treatment of disease with focus on preventing its progression Compare and contrast Typical (1st generation) and Atypical (2nd/3rd generation) Anti-Psychotic Medications as they relate to compliance, side effect profile, and positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Page 58-61 Compare and contrast terms associated with schizophrenia such as thought blocking, neologisms, word salad, thought insertion/deletion, anasognosia, echolalia and give examples of each. Thought blocking: a reduction in the amount of thinking; an abrupt stoppage of thought that derails the conversation Neologisms: made up words that have meaning for the patient but have a different or nonexistent meaning to others Word Salad: jumble of words that is meaningless to the listener and possibly the speaker Thought insertion: feeling that one’s thoughts are not one’s own and that they were inserted into one’s mind Thought deletion: a belief that one’s thoughts have been taken or are missing Anasognosia: unawareness of one’s disability or illness Echolalia: pathological repeating of another’s words and is often seen in catatonia Compare and contrast positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia giving examples of each. Positive symptoms: alterations in thought, behavior, speech, and perception; page 205-207 Negative symptoms: cannot maintain conversations or relationships; cannot maintain employment; can’t make decisions or follow through on plans; cannot maintain adequate hygiene page 207 Review the use of therapeutic communication and approaches you should use during the assessment of your patient with Schizophrenia who is experiencing hallucinations, delusions, ideas of reference. Page 212-213 Compare and contrast extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) pseudoparkinsons, dystonia, akathesia, akinesia, oculogyric crisis, tardive dyskinesia, and describe assessment tools nursing interventions and medication protocols for each. Table 12-4 page 216 Compare and contrast Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome & Agranulocytosis, identify specific medications that may cause, describe and discuss symptoms of each and best practice interventions and treatments. Table 12-4 page 216-218 Compare and contrast concepts related to serious mental illness including characteristics, medication compliance, lack of insight and the importance of case management for this population. Page 586-589 [Show More]

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