NUR 231 final exam Questions and answers. Latest 2021

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How long do you perform hand hygiene? - Ans-10-15 seconds Standard Precautions - Ans-apply to blood, all body fluid, secretions, excretions, nonintact skin, and mucous membranes What do you wash... hands with when they are visibly dirty, contaminated with proteinaceous material, or visibly soiled with blood or body fluids? - Ans-either a nonantimicrobial soap and water or an antimicrobial soap and water Transmission-Based Precautions (Tier 2) - Ans-Airborne Precautions, contact precautions, and droplet precautions Airborne precautions - Ans-for patients known or suspected to have serious illnesses transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei Examples: measles, varicella, TB Droplet Precautions - Ans-for patients know.suspected to have serious illnesses transmitted by large particle droplets Example: meningitis, pneumonia Contact precautions - Ans-for patients known/suspected to have serious illnesses easily transmitted by direct patient contact or by contact with items in patient's environment Definition of asepsis - Ans-absence of pathogenic microorganism Medical Asepsis - clean Surgical Asepsis - sterile Chain of infection - Ans-infectious agent - reservoir - portal of exit - mode of transmission - portal of entry - susceptible host When giving a bed bath, if one extremity is injured or immobilized what do you do? - Ans-always dress the affected side first What should you assess for during a bath? - Ans-signs of warmth, redness, swelling, tenderness, and pain in lower extremities If a patient demonstrates weakness or paralysis of one side of the body, where would you place a chair? - Ans-On the patient's strong side Orthostatic hypotension - Ans-drop in blood pressure that occurs when a patient changes position from horizontal to vertical (greater than 20 mmHg or >10 mmHg) What is important to do with aging adults before having them get up off the bed? - Ans-Raise the head of the bed and allow them a few minute before dangling. List some Long-term care considerations - Ans-patients who have maintained bed rest for a long period may revert back to a favorite position and you should frequently assess them and turn more often than needed. Use a drawsheet to prevent shearing force on fragile skin Allow the patient to assist with moving and positioning First priority if a fire occurs is _____ - Ans-the patient, or course! MSDS - Ans-Material Safety Data Sheet: for hazardous chemicals Fire Safety: What do you do if a fire occurs in the hospital? - Ans-Rescue Activate the alarm Contain the fire Evacuate the patients When you contain the fire, what are important things to do? - Ans-1. close all doors and windows 2. turn off O2 and electrical equipment 3. Place wet towels along base of doors Explain how to properly evacuate all types of patients - Ans-1. Direct ambulatory patients to walk to designated area 2. patient on life support: maintain respiratory status until removing from fire area 3. Mode bedridden patients by stretcher/bed/chair 4. For patients that can't walk/ambulate place on a blanket and drag, use the 2 person swing, or back-strap Effective documentation ensures _____ - Ans-continuity of care, maintains, standards, and reduces errors When can patients be denied to read their record? - Ans-Only if it involves a patient with a mental illness How do you correct a mistake when charting? - Ans-draw a single line through mistake, write "error" above it, and sign yourname if you acquire new info on a patient, but have already charted how would you add the new information? What if you just forgot to add something? - Ans-write the date and time of new entry on next available space and mark as addendum (date and time of prior note) If you forgot something, put the current date and time and mark as a late entry with the date and time/shift missed Anthropometrics are _____ - Ans-measures of height, weight, head, arm, muscle circumferences, and skinfold thickness How to find percent weight change - Ans-((usual body weight - actual body weight)/ Usual body weight)x100 [Show More]

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