RN Exam A Questions & Answers & Rationale (2019/2020) Complete A+ Guide.

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1. A 40-year-old male client diagnosed with schizophrenia and alcohol dependence has not had any visitors or phone calls since admission. He reports he has no family that cares about him and was liv... ing on the streets prior to this admission. According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which stage is the client in at this time? A. Isolation. B. Stagnation. C. Despair. D. Role confusion. The client is in Erikson's "Generativity vs. Stagnation" stage (age 24 to 45), and meeting the task includes maintaining intimate relationships and moving toward developing a family (B). (A) occurs in young adulthood (age 18 to 25), (C) occurs in maturity (age 45 to death), and (D) occurs in adolescence (age 12 to 20). These are all stages that occur if individuals are not successfully coping with their psychosocial developmental stage. Points Earned: 1/1 Correct Answer: B Your Response: B 2. An anxious client expressing a fear of people and open places is admitted to the psychiatric unit. What is the most effective way for the nurse to assist this client? A. Plan an outing within the first week of admission. B. Distract her whenever she expresses her discomfort about being with others. C. Confront her fears and discuss the possible causes of these fears. D. Accompany her outside for an increasing amount of time each day. The process of gradual desensitization by controlled exposure to the situation which is feared (D), is the treatment of choice in phobic reactions. (A and C) are far too aggressive for the initial treatment period and could even be considered hostile. (B) promotes denial of the problem, and gives the client the message that discussion of the phobia is not permitted. Points Earned: 0/1 Correct Answer: D Your Response: C 3. On admission, a highly anxious client is described as delusional. The nurse understands that delusions are most likely to occur with which class of disorder? A. Neuroti c. B. Personality. C. Anxiety. D. Psychotic. Delusions are false beliefs associated with psychotic behavior, and psychotic persons are not in touch with reality (D). (A, B, and C) are mental health disorders which are not associated with a break in reality, nor with hallucinations (false sensations such as hearing, or seeing) or delusions (false beliefs). Points Earned: 1/1 Correct Answer: D Your Response: D 4. A child is brought to the emergency room with a broken arm. Because of other injuries, the nurse suspects the child may be a victim of abuse. When the nurse tries to give the child an injection, the child's mother becomes very loud and shouts, "I won't leave my son! Don't you touch him! You'll hurt my child!" What is the best interpretation of the mother's statements? The mother is A. regressing to an earlier behavior pattern. B. sublimating her anger. C. projecting her feelings onto the nurse. D. suppressing her fear. Projection is attributing one's own thoughts, impulses, or behaviors onto another--it is the mother who is probably harming the child and she is attributing her actions to the nurse (C). The mother may be immature, but (A) is not the best description of her behavior. (B) is substituting a socially acceptable feeling for an unacceptable one. These are not socially acceptable feelings. The mother may be suppressing her fear (D) by displaying anger, but such an interpretation cannot be concluded from the data presented. Points Earned: 0/1 Correct Answer: C Your Response: A 5. A male client is admitted to a mental health unit on Friday afternoon and is very upset on Sunday because he has not had the opportunity to talk with the healthcare provider. Which response is best for the nurse to provide this client? A. Let me call and leave a message for your healthcare provider. B. The healthcare provider should be here on Monday morning. C. How can I help answer your questions? D. What concerns do you have at this time? It is best for the nurse to call the healthcare provider (A) because clients have the right to information about their treatment. Suggesting that the healthcare provider will be available the following day (B) does not provide immediate reassurance to the client. The nurse can also implement offer to assist the client (C and D [Show More]

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