A&P 1 Final Exam, Straighterline Anatomy and Physiology 1, Straighterline A&P 1 Cumulative FinaL LATEST

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What is the smallest level of organization in the body that contains the body's genetic information? Select one: a. chemical b. cellular c. tissue d. organism - Ans-B. Cellular The cellular l... evel includes the nucleus, an organelle that contains the body's genetic information. Which is an example of a normally occurring positive-feedback mechanism? Select one: a. elevated blood pressure during exercise b. increase in heart rate after blood loss c. decrease in blood pressure after blood loss d. stretching of the uterus near the end of pregnancy - Ans-d. stretching of the uterus near the end of pregnancy Which of the following processes generates the most ATP within a human cell? Select one: a. glycolysis b. lactic acid fermentation c. oxidative phosphorylation d. citric acid cycle - Ans-c. oxidative phosphorylation During DNA replication, how does each template strand eventually become two identical DNA molecules? Select one: a. The two strands form continuously, catalyzed by DNA polymerase. b. The two strands form continuously, catalyzed by DNA ligase. c. One strand forms continuously, the other forms in short segments spliced by DNA polymerase. d. One strand forms continuously, the other forms in short segments spliced by DNA ligase. - Ans-d. One strand forms continuously, the other forms in short segments spliced by DNA ligase. Which is the most superficial layer of skin that is composed primarily of living cells? Select one: a. stratum corneum b. stratum lucidum c. stratum basale d. stratum spinosum - Ans-d. stratum spinosum Which of the following is the definition of a third degree burn? Select one: a. a burn that covers at least 25% of the skin b. a burn that has destroyed the dermis and epidermis c. a burn that can only be caused by fire d. a burn that does not leave scars - Ans-b. a burn that has destroyed the dermis and epidermis Which of the following types of openings in the skeletal system does a "sinus" describe? Select one: a. cavity b. cleft c. hole d. tunnel - Ans-a. cavity Which of the following components of the bone matrix, when removed, allows the bone to be easily shattered? Select one: a. cartilage b. collagen c. hydroxyapatite d. mineral - Ans-b. collagen Which of the following is the most widely distributed type of muscle in the body? Select one: a. cardiac b. postural c. skeletal d. smooth - Ans-d. smooth Which sentence best describes the sliding filament model of muscle contraction? Select one: a. Actin and myosin filaments remain stationary. b. Actin and myosin myofilaments shorten. c. Sarcomeres and myofibrils contract. d. Sarcomeres and myofibrils lengthen. - Ans-c. Sarcomeres and myofibrils contract. doctor performing an autopsy on a patient concludes that part of the brain was likely damaged by trauma due to a large population of which type of cell? Select one: a. Schwann cells b. microglia c. oligodendrocytes d. ependymal cel - Ans-b. microglia What type of axons is found in a gray ramus comunicans? Select one: a. myelinated, pre-ganglionic axons b. myelinated, post-ganglionic axons c. unmyelinated, pre-ganglionic axons d. unmyelinated, post-ganglionic axons - Ans-d. unmyelinated, post-ganglionic axons Which class of chemical messengers is secreted by neurons into synaptic clefts to activate an adjacent cell? Select one: a. autocrine b. endocrine c. neurotransmitter d. paracrine - Ans-c. neurotransmitter The targeted response of the hormone lipotropin is an increase in which of the following? Select one: a. the breakdown of fat in adipose tissues b. the breakdown of lipids and release of fatty acids from cells c. the production of milk in lactating women d. the secretion of thyroid hormone - Ans-a. the breakdown of fat in adipose tissues The articulations between the radius and ulna that allow for rotation of the forearm is an example of a(n) _________ joint. A. plane B. pivot C. hinge D. ellipsoid - Ans-B. pivot In order to increase low blood glucose levels back to normal, the pancreas increases secretion of ________. A. somatostatin B. insulin C. glucocorticoids D. glucagon - Ans-D. glucagon Hypocalcemia results from inactive A. adrenal glands. B. pancreatic islets. C. parathyroid glands. D. parafollicular cells. - Ans-C. parathyroid glands. Which component of the autonomic nervous system is least active during resting conditions? A. parasympathetic division B. enteric nervous system C. sympathetic division D. sensory neurons - Ans-C. sympathetic division Which of the following special senses experiences the least amount of decline as an individual ages? A. olfactory B. balance C. visual D. auditory - Ans-A. olfactory The study of the external form of the body and its relationship to deeper structures is Select one: a. systemic anatomy. b. regional anatomy. c. molecular biology. d. microbiology. e. surface anatomy - Ans-e. surface anatomy There are more microbial cells than human cells in your body and the health of this microbiota clearly influences human well-being. How many microbes are there?. Select one: a. For every cell in your body, there are ten microbial cells. b. For every cell in your body, there are one hundred microbial cells. c. For every cell in your body, there are one thousand microbial cells. d. For every cell in your body, there are ten thousand microbial cells. - Ans-a. For every cell in your body, there are ten microbial cells. An anatomic image created from sound waves is a Select one: a. radiograph. b. CT scan. c. MRI. d. sonogram - Ans-d. sonogram A major limitation of radiographs is that they Select one: a. can only visualize bone. b. give only a flat, two-dimensional image of the body. c. are old technology that do not give good results. d. have very few applications. - Ans-b. give only a flat, two-dimensional image of the body. A tissue is a Select one: a. structure contained within a cell. b. lower level of organization than a cell. c. group of organs that performs specific functions. d. group of cells with similar structure and function. e. structure that contains a group of organs. - Ans-d. group of cells with similar structure and function. Visual inspection of the appearance of the liver and gallbladder during surgery is associated with which of the following? Select one: a. histology b. physiology c. gross anatomy d. radiology e. cytology - Ans-c. gross anatomy An organ system is Select one: a. a small structure within a cell. b. a structure composed of several tissue types. c. the basic structural unit of all living organisms. d. a group of organs with a common set of functions. e. a group of cells with similar structure and function. - Ans-d. a group of organs with a common set of functions. An organelle is Select one: a. a small structure within a cell. b. a structure composed of several tissue types. c. the basic structural unit of all living organisms. d. a group of organs with a common set of functions. e. a group of cells with similar structure and function. - Ans-a. a small structure within a cell. A cell is Select one: a. a small structure within a molecule. b. a structure composed of several tissue types. c. the basic structural unit of living organisms. d. a group of organs with a common set of functions. e. a group of atoms with similar structure and function. - Ans-c. the basic structural unit of living organisms. Microscopic examination of a frozen tissue specimen is an application of which of the following disciplines? Select one: a. histology b. physiology c. gross anatomy d. radiology e. regional anatomy - Ans-a. histology What system removes nitrogenous waste products from the blood and regulates blood pH, ion balance, and water balance? Select one: a. respiratory b. lymphatic c. cardiovascular d. immune e. urinary - Ans-e. urinary A molecular biologist discovers that if a specific drug effectively treats obesity in mice, what can researchers conclude? Select one: a. If the drug was effective in a large number of mice, it will therefore be effective in humans. b. If the drug was effective in a small proportion of mice, it will be effective in a small proportion of humans. c. The mice have provided a positive control in this experiment that proves the drug is effective in humans. d. The drug is effective in the mouse model; it must still be tested in humans. e. The effect of the drug on mice has no bearing on the effect of the drug on humans. - Ans-d. The drug is effective in the mouse model; it must still be tested in humans. The mesentery is Select one: a. a double-layered serous membrane that anchors some of the abdominal organs to the body wall. b. the serous membrane that covers the lungs. c. the serous membrane that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities. d. space located between the visceral and parietal pleura. e. the membrane that lines the pericardial sac. - Ans-a. a double-layered serous membrane that anchors some of the abdominal organs to the body wall. Here is a figure showing major trunk cavities and other structures. What does "C" represent? Select one: a. diaphragm b. mediastinum c. pelvic cavity d. thoracic cavity e. abdominal cavity - Ans- This is a sagittal section through the abdominopelvic cavity. What serous membrane does "C" represent? Select one: a. visceral peritoneum (covers organs) b. mesentery c. parietal peritoneum (lines cavity) d. retroperitoneal organs e. peritoneal cavity - Ans-a. visceral peritoneum (covers organs) "Cutting off your nose" would be a section in the _____ plane. Select one: a. coronal b. nasal c. median d. transverse e. sagittal - Ans-a. coronal [Show More]

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