6.5678 PCCM Midterm Exam 1 Questions and answers, 2022/2023.

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6.5678 PCCM Midterm Exam 1 Questions and answers, 2022/2023. What is the term for using stereotypes to characterize older adults? - ✔✔Ageism What is the generic term or description that is u... sed for legal documents that determine or direct healthcare providers on what to do when a person becomes incapacitated or is dying and is not capable of making decisions for himself or herself? - ✔✔Advance directives What is the abnormal eye condition that occurs when the lens of the eye becomes cloudy and diminishes eyesight? - ✔✔Cataracts A silent myocardial infarction is most often suffered by people in what patient demographic? - ✔✔Elderly Approximately what percentage of EMS calls involve the elderly? - ✔✔Greater than 35% Living wills and DNR orders, which you may encounter during the treatment of an elderly patient, both examples of: - ✔✔Advance directives The portion of Medicare that covers prescriptions is called: - ✔✔Part D Over half of the elderly population over the age of 75 say that they feel: - ✔✔Lonely One of the first things an elderly person has to overcome after retiring is the social effect of: - ✔✔Ageism About how many people over the age of 85 live alone? - ✔✔Greater than 50% Elderly people who are over 75 years of age often have what societal complaint? - ✔✔Loneliness What is one of the primary ways in which doctors encourage the elderly on how to avoid social isolation? - ✔✔Continue to interact with other people What governmental program pays a significant part of the healthcare bills for the elderly? - ✔✔Social Security What program assistance with the healthcare bills of elderly patients who served in the US military? - ✔✔VA program What program for funding health care for the elderly shares the resources of both the federal and state governments? - ✔✔Medicaid What governmental program is designed in a two-part complementary system that covers in-hospital care by one part and outpatient care in another part? - ✔✔Medicare Decreased respiratory volume, diminished cough reflex, and decreased mucociliary clearance all make the elderly more prone to: - ✔✔Pneumonia Which of the following statements accurately represents differences the paramedic should anticipate when assessing an elderly patient? - ✔✔All of the above: 1. The elderly may not develop an expected increase in heart rate during hypovolemic shock, 2. The elderly may complain less of pain, despite a serious underlying pathology, 3. The elderly may not develop a fever during a serious infection What condition is relatively common in the elderly and can cause a complaint of chest pain, but occurs when a portion of the stomach migrates upward through the esophageal opening in the diaphragm? - ✔✔Hiatal hernia Which of the following is least likely to occur on a list of differential diagnoses for an elderly patient with difficulty breathing? - ✔✔Epiglottitis Which of these is an age-related change of the renal system that can change the elderly person's response to medications? - ✔✔Loss of nephron function results in decreased efficiency of urine production and accumulation of medications and wastes in the blood What is a common problem with the elderly when they are required to take multiple medications to treat a wide variety of disorders? - ✔✔Noncompliance due to underadherence What is a common occurrence in the elderly that results from multiple chronic conditions leading to medication toxicity? - ✔✔Polypharmacy Which of the following is not a likely factor that would contribute to a decrease in medication compliance for the elderly population that has been prescribed multiple medications? - ✔✔Prescription labels with clear instructions Which of the following conditions occurs as a result of loss of minerals and bone tissue, leading to an increase in bone fractures if the elderly patient falls? - ✔✔Osteoporosis Which of the following is a general guideline for managing elderly patients? - ✔✔Even a minor fall can result in spinal injury or long bone fracture Which of these complications of spinal column changes is least likely to occur in the elderly population? - ✔✔Decreased the likelihood of vertebral fracture after a fall Which of the following is a general guideline that the paramedic should follow in ascertaining the chief complaint and medical history in an elderly patient? - ✔✔Talk to the patient about the emergency first, not about the patient with others When performing a general health assessment on an elderly patient, which of the following is typically not taken into consideration? - ✔✔Past surgeries During the general health assessment, you are asking a blind eldery patient about who prepares the patient's meals. In doing so, you're attempting to learn more about the patients: - ✔✔Nutrition status Of the following, which bit of information would be gathered during the determination of a patient's general health assessment? - ✔✔Sleep patterns Which of the following factors would have the greatest negative influence on the patient's nutritional status? - ✔✔Certain medications Which finding should be recognized as an indication of an acute and potentially life-threatening problem and discovered during your assessment of an elderly patients eyes? - ✔✔Unequal pupils. Unequal pupils should prompt you to search for signs of stroke or traumatic brain injury You are dispatched to the scene of a 74-year-old female patient complaining of right-sided weakness. You are met by her daughter who tells you that her mother woke up from a nap with weakness, and you notice that the right side of her face is drooping. Pulse 78 radially, respirations 18, SPO2 96%. You begin administering several strength tests and find that they are pretty much equal on both sides. Which of the following disorders do you suspect? - ✔✔Bell's palsy Which of the following is a characteristic of the elderly that is associated with a higher risk of suffering abuse? - ✔✔Numerous medical problems Which of the following could be the most significant finding in determining the potential for shock and an elderly trauma patient? - ✔✔Mechanism of injury Which of these descriptions of complaints and expected age-related changes and signs and symptoms associated with illnesses and the elderly? - ✔✔Complaints of weakness, fatigue, and nausea rather than having classic chest pain with myocardial infarction A 78-year-old male complains of a headache that he calls a migraine. They said it began four hours ago and is now worse. He also started to feel nauseated and is having "foggy" thinking. You question the patient and determine he has never had a history of migraines. He tells you, "No, this is the first one, but it's a doozy!" For which of these conditions should you immediately have an increased index of suspicion? - ✔✔Stroke You are caring for an elderly male patient who experienced a brief episode of slurred speech, left-sided facial droop, and left-sided weakness that lasted 10 minutes and resolved prior to your arrival. This patient most likely experienced a: - ✔✔Transient ischemic attack Which of the following statements regarding a silent heart attack should the paramedic anticipate to be correct in an elderly patient? - ✔✔The only symptoms of a silent heart attack maybe weakness and fatigue Which of these changes occurs in the cardiovascular system as a result of the aging process that will make the geriatric patient more intolerant of temperature extremes? - ✔✔Widespread arteriosclerosis Which of the following would increase the risk of hyperthermia and the elderly patient? - ✔✔History of alcoholism You are called on an elderly patient who resides in an assisted living community. The patient was found lying on the tile floor in the kitchen after falling. No one saw the patient for 18 hours, and he was unable to move. Considering the length of time he was lying on the floor, which of the following conditions may exist? - ✔✔Hypothermia You are reviewing the medications of an elderly patient who you suspect is developing a heat related emergency. Which medication is most likely to contribute to the development of a heat emergency? - ✔✔Tricyclic antidepressants You are assessing an elderly patient at the request of his daughter. The patient is 98 years old and has been living with his daughter for the past three years. Tonight, she states that his mental status is different, and he seems confused. This may indicate: - ✔✔A significant medical disorder Your geriatric patient is experiencing a behavior emergency. You believe that it is from delirium rather than dementia. Which of the following findings would support that delirium is present? - ✔✔Rapid onset of behavior change Which of these statements regarding Alzheimer's disease is correct? - ✔✔Patients with Alzheimer's disease are prone to depression and suicide Which of the following is most likely not a risk factor for depression in the elderly? - ✔✔Increased serotonin level Which of the following are changes that occur to the geriatric physiology that places them at a greater risk for injury? - ✔✔All of the above: 1. Osteoporosis, 2. Muscle weakness, 3. Curvature of the spinal column Of the following medications that the geriatric patient maybe taking, which one would not block the heart rate increase secondary to fluid loss? - ✔✔Nitroglycerin A change in which of the following medications that an elderly patient takes may cause dizziness or fainting on standing up quickly if the dose is too high? - ✔✔Diuretics Which of the following increases the likelihood of a closed brain injury in a geriatric patient? - ✔✔Atrophy of the brain You are on scene with an elderly patient who lives alone and is complaining of dizziness and weakness. Patient also states that she has had a depressed appetite for the past week. What should you say to the patient if she's considering not getting transported now? - ✔✔"Your complaints are common for an elderly person, but you should still be seen at the hospital to make sure everything is OK." You are caring for a 77-year-old male who complains of nausea, weakness, puffy ankles, and trouble breathing for the past two hours. Patient denies chest pain, abdominal pain, or headache, and has a history of diabetes and hypertension. Following transfer, the physician notes ST segment elevation's were found on the 12 lead ECG, signifying possible heart attack. Which of the following best explains the absence of common associated signs and symptoms on scene? - ✔✔The pain may have been hidden because of the effects of the diabetes Why is there an increased likelihood of an elderly patient going into cardiac arrest while having a bowel movement as compared to a younger patient? - ✔✔Geriatrics often have to bear down harder during a bowel movement, which increases parasympathetic tone on a diseased heart [Show More]

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