ANCC Questions and Answers Latest Update Graded A+(This test consists of frequently tested questions and answers, therefore it’s the best study material)

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ANCC Questions and Answers Latest Update Graded A+(This test consists of frequently tested questions and answers, therefore it’s the best study material) What is the first line treatment for temp... oral arteritis? Correct Answer- High-dose steroids because it's an inflammatory response Why is an anecdotal or expert opinion lowest on the research hierarchy? Correct Answer- Can be a single person or a group of experts giving an opinion, but there is no research What is the screening test for temporal arteritis? Correct Answer- Elevated ESR and CRP as well Which condition causes bilateral stiffness lasting 30 minutes or more located in the shoulders, neck, hips, and torso; more common in women >50 and closely related to temporal arteritis? Correct AnswerPolymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) Are routine eye exams covered by Medicare part B? Correct Answer- No In trigeminal neuralgia, which cranial nerve is affected? Correct Answer- V What is the treatment for trigeminal neuralgia? Correct Answer- Anticonvulsants (phenytoin) and muscle relaxants (gabapentin, topiramate) Who monitors and disciplines the nurse practitioners? Correct Answer- BON What presents as an abrupt onset of facial paralysis due to dysfunction of the motor branch of the facial nerve (7)? Correct Answer- Bell's Palsy - Additional sx: Tear production on the affected side stops - Causes: viral, autoimmune, pressure from tumor or vesselWhat presents as idiopathic and severe one-sided headache marked by recurrent, brief, lacerating pain behind one eye accompanied by tearing and clear rhinitis? Correct Answer- Cluster Headache - Presents in males 30-40 yrs of age - Higher rate of suicide r/t intense pain - Tx: high dose 100% Oxygen 12L/min for 15 minutes, sumatriptan by intranasal or IM What is reliability? Correct Answer- Repeatable, reproducible, consistent Symptoms of tension headache? Correct Answer- Band-like tightness headache, dull and constant, tensing of neck muscles What does the dependent variable depend on? Correct Answer- Independent variable What is described by transient episode of neurological dysfunction caused by focal ischemia without acute infection of the brain? Correct Answer- TIA (mini stroke or minor stroke) What does the FAST mnemonic stand for? Correct Answer- Face drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulty, time to call 911 What is the term for brain damage that presents with the patients no difficulty comprehending speech but has extreme difficulty in motor aspect of speech? Correct Answer- Broca's aphasia - May only be able to speak 4 words - Patient understands but difficulty expressing What is apraxia? Correct Answer- Difficulty w/ purposeful movement Is suspected child abuse reportable? Correct Answer- Always reportable How do you illicit tinel's sign? Correct Answer- Tap on anterior wrist - median nerve - Evaluates carpal tunnel syndromeWhat disease of conditions assess Phalen's sign (flex wrist and hold dorsal side of hands together)? Correct Answer- Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (affects median nerve) What is EMTALA? Correct Answer- Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act- stabilize patient before transfer Can be caused by embolism, thrombus, or hemorrhage and results in permanent neurological damage from ischemia to affected brain tissues? Correct Answer- CVA or Stroke What is COBRA? Correct Answer- Insurance after you leave a job paid for by self, gap-insurance, 18 months, you pay the premium that former employer was paying for What is cranial nerve XI? Correct Answer- Spinal accessory, shrug the shoulders What can result from shingles in the cranial nerve V of the ophthalmic branch? Correct AnswerPostherpetic neuralgia - Corneal blindness can result The name for the nodes on the PIP joints secondary to arthritis? Correct Answer- Bouchard's nodes (DIP are Heberden's *remember PIP comes before DIP because proximal is closest to the body just like B in bouchards comes before H in heberdens) What is the most sensitive screening test for thyroid function? Correct Answer- TSH What do you call the genetic defect called trisomy 21? Correct Answer- Down syndrome - Face appears flat, ears are low-set, upward slanting eyes - Average lifespan is 60 yrs What presents as a small head, shortened palpebral fissures, flat nasal bridge, smooth philthrum? Correct Answer- Fetal alcohol syndromeWhat is covered in Medicare part D? Correct Answer- Rx - only the drugs on the formulary list Which type of cancer has increased risk w/ cryptorchidism? Correct Answer- testicular cancer - Even if it has been repaired, then risk is still increased What disease is described as injected red conjunctiva, w/ profuse purulent discharge, swollen eye lids, and presents 2-5 days after birth? Correct Answer- Gonococcal opthalmia neonatorum - Tx: apply erythromycin ointment 1cm ribbon per eye, immediately after birth (prophylaxis) What condition associated w/ vaginal birth shows 4-10 days after birth w/ eyelids become edematous, with red, profuse watery discharge that becomes purulent? Correct Answer- Chlamydia opthalmia neonatorum - Appears initially watery then purulent and 4-10 days after birth How is infant mortality defined? Correct Answer- The # of deaths <12 mos of age in 1,000 live births What is defined as unexplained and sudden death in healthy infants <12 mos. Correct Answer- Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) - Back to sleep, avoid thick blankets, How much weight are newborns expected to lose during the first 5-7 days of life? Correct Answer- 10% What is covered by medicare part A? Correct Answer- Inpatient services for >65 yrs or ESRD at any age and hospitalizations, skilled nursing care included, hospice included, rehab included (NOT ASSISTED LIVING) Most common type of spots seen in children; appears as blue to black patches of colored skin usually in the lumbosacral area Correct Answer- Mongolian spots - Disappears by 2-3 years of age - May be mistaken as child abuseDo you need to confirm child abuse before reporting? Correct Answer- No, report suspected child abuse, no need to confront caregiver What condition presents w/ 2-3cm papules, white, on the forehead, and resolves spontaneously? Correct Answer- Milia - Caused by retention of sebaceous filaments What is faun tail nevus? Correct Answer- Tufts of hair in the lumbosacral area, coccyx region - Rule out spina bifida - Conduct neurological exam and u/s What do you need to rule out when you see cafe au lait spots? Correct Answer- Flat light brown spots > 2-5mm patches, if there are 6 or more spots then rule out... neurofibromatosis Are routine dental exams covered by Medicare part B? Correct Answer- No At what are age children expected to have 20/20 vision? Correct Answer- 6 yrs of age When do you refer for strabismus? Correct Answer- If a child is >6 mos old - Red flags: absent of red reflex, presence of white reflex What is leukocoria? Correct Answer- Presence of a white reflex -may be indicative of retinoblastoma When is lead screening done in children? Correct Answer- 12-24 months - For high risk may need to check periodicallyWhy do you need to give vitamin D drops for breast-fed infants? Correct Answer- 400 IU because breast milk does not have vitamin D Why do you avoid giving cows or goats milk in the first year of life? Correct Answer- Causes GI bleeding and IDA What is described as diffuse edema of the scalp that crosses the midline? Correct Answer- Caput succadeneum - Caused by intrauterine and vaginal pressure from prolonged labor Edema of the scalp that does not cross the midline or suture lines? Correct Answer- Cephalohematoma - Order x-ray of the skull to rule out fracture What is HITECH? Correct Answer- Meaningful use of data It is not typing everything into the computer There are incentives for meaningful use of data. When do you give first dose of MMR vaccine? Correct Answer- 12 months What vaccine do you give at birth? Correct Answer- Hepatitis B Why is CPOE (computerized physician order entry) advantageous? Correct Answer- Reduces errors from poor handwriting What is congenital narrowing of a portion of the aorta? Correct Answer- Coarctation of the aorta up to 30% of infants with this have turner syndrome - Compare the brachial and femoral pulses simultaneously, absence of the femoral pulse is diagnostic When is the Ortolani test positive? Correct Answer- Positive if there is a click or clunk sound - Tests for developmental dysplasia of the hip- Produced when the trochanter is temporarily displaced from the hip socket What presents as an asymptomatic mass that extends from the flank toward the midline? Correct Answer- Wilms tumor or nephroblastoma - Smooth, non-tender mass, and never crosses the midline - Most common renal malignancy in children Which abdominal malignancy in children crosses the midline? Correct Answer- Neuroblastoma - painful, abdominal mass, fixed, firm irregular and crosses midline What is considered a medical emergency that presents as acute or rapid onset of high fever, chills, and hot potato voice, and hyperextended neck with open mouth breathing? Correct Answer- Epiglottitis - Give prophylaxis (rifampin) for close contacts - Reportable disease What presents in children as deep eye pain aggravated by eye movement that is accompanied by high fever and chills? Correct Answer- Orbital cellulitis Usually preceded by sinus infection specially ethmoid sinus infection - Affected eye will presents w/ eye bulging - Refer to ER can be life-threatening -EOM will be abnormal What is the pre-contemplation stage in the stages of changes? Correct Answer- When patient is in denial, does not acknowledge that there is a problem. What presents w/ an onset of high-fever, up to 104 degrees F, large lymph nodes in neck, swollen hands and feet, conjunctival injections, desquamation of hands and feet, strawberry tongue? Correct AnswerKawasaki disease - Vasculitis, sequelae may occur years later - F/u for several years - Tx: high dose ASAAt what age will a child copy a cross? Correct Answer- 4 What presents w/ large head circumference, mental retardation, long face with prominent forehead, jaw, and large ears? Correct Answer- Fragile X Syndrome - Autism is common What is the job of the BON? Correct Answer- Monitor and discipline; if there are complaints or suspicions of going outside scope of practice then BON will intervene Common acute viral illness caused by the cocsackie virus? Correct Answer- Hand foot mouth disease - Contagious - Wash your hands What causes fifth disease? Correct Answer- Parvovirus B19 - Slapped cheek appearance What do you call honey-colored, crusted lesions? Correct Answer- Impetigo What do you do when you observe molloscum contagiosum in the genital area? Correct Answer- Report What presents w/ koplik spots? Correct Answer- Measles or Rubeola What reflex do you test for in testicular torsion? Correct Answer- cremasteric reflex - Test the ipsilateral or same side where the patient complains of inner thigh pain What is the mature minor rule? Correct Answer- 15-17 years of age, not emancipated - Capable of understanding the consequences of a decision - Right to refuse or request a treatmentWhen a minor asks for oral contraceptive pills, do they need parental consent? Correct Answer- No - However if requesting permanent, then yes Knee pain, swelling and tenderness at the tubercule tuberosity and occurs during a growth spurt? Correct Answer- Osgood schlatter When do you perform adams forward bend test? Correct Answer- Scoliosis Whats presented in females as complete or absence of the second sex chromosome? Correct AnswerTurner - Lymphedema of the hands and feet - Short and webbed neck - High arched palate Your patient complains of fatigue and started levothyroxine 50mcg QD 2 weeks ago. What is your next step? Correct Answer- Wait. Educate it takes 4-6 weeks for sx to improve. Recheck TSH at that time. What are characteristics of patients at risk for osteoporosis? Correct Answer- Thin, small/petite, Caucasian/ASIAN, female, smoker, postmenopausal What is presbyopia? How do you know a patient has it? Correct Answer- Farsightedness - difficulty seeing objects up close. Patients will hold items in outstretched hands. What is normal blood pressure? Correct Answer- <120/80 What is the goal BP for someone <60 yrs? Correct Answer- <140/90 What is the criteria for high intensity treatment of hyperlipidemia? And what would you prescribe? Correct Answer- Heart disease (angina), DM, high LDL, low HDL - RX: atorvastatin (Lipitor) 40 to 80 mg or rosuvastatin (crestor) 20 to 40 mgWhat interacts with statins? And what can it lead to? Correct Answer- Atorvastatin + niacin or vitamin B 3 can lead to drug induced hepatitis or rhabdomyolysis (think liver damage w/ sx of fatigue, anorexia, JAUNDICE, DARK COLORED URINE) What drugs are preferred for isolated systolic HTN? Correct Answer- Calcium channel blockers and thiazides diuretics What is the goal for someone with DM or CKD? Does it change with age? Corre [Show More]

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