Emergency Nursing Orientation 3.0: Cardiovascular Emergencies Part I and II Exam Graded A+

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Which intervention is used to treat a patient with ventricular fibrillation who has an implantable cardiac defibrillator? - ANSWER Apply hands-free adhesive patches in the anterior-posterior position ... and defibrillate. Which dysrhythmia has an irregularly irregular ventricular response - ANSWER Atrial fibrillation Which medication should be administered during the resuscitation of a patient with ventricular fibrillation? - ANSWER Epinephrine (Adrenalin) Which disorder is likely to produce a delta wave on the cardiac monitor? - ANSWER Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome A preexcitation syndrome, such as Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, results from which conduction pattern? - ANSWER Atrial impulses bypass the typical electrical pathway and activate the ventricular myocardium directly. A patient has stable, monomorphic ventricular tachycardia. To perform synchronized cardioversion with a biphasic defibrillator and convert this dysrhythmia, which energy setting should be used first? - ANSWER 100 joules Which disorder can initiate atrial flutter? - ANSWER Pulmonary embolism Which disorder is potentially reversible if the cause is immediately treated? - ANSWER Pulseless electrical activity Which drug may be used to convert new-onset atrial fibrillation? - ANSWER Amiodarone (Cordarone) An unstable patient with polymorphic ventricular tachycardia requires which electrical treatment with a biphasic defibrillator? - ANSWER Defibrillation at 200 joules In the PAAS mnemonic for performing automated external defibrillation, what does the P stand for? - ANSWER Power Pulse Which dysrhythmia results from the continuous stimulation of two conduction pathways in the atrioventricular node? - ANSWER Atrial fibrillation In which dysrhythmia does an impulse originate in the atrioventricular junction before the next expected sinus impulse? - ANSWER Premature junctional complex In which dysrhythmia does a compensatory pause commonly occur? - ANSWER Premature ventricular complex Patients with which type of premature complexes require close monitoring? - ANSWER Multifocal premature ventricular complexes Which method delivers nonsynchronous energy to the myocardium? - ANSWER Defibrillation In which dysrhythmia does the P wave disappear or occur just before or after the QRS complex? - ANSWER Junctional escape rhythm Which type of block causes one P wave to precede each QRS complex until a QRS complex is dropped in a regular pattern? - ANSWER Second-degree atrioventricular block, type II A transcutaneous pacemaker is most likely an intervention for which dysrhythmia? - ANSWER Second-degree atrioventricular block, type II Calcium channel blockers are indicated to treat which dysrhythmia? - ANSWER Atrial fibrillation For a patient with suspected acute coronary syndrome, which agent is not part of the recommended management? - ANSWER Nitroprusside (Nitropress) Which statement does not accurately characterize nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) administration? - ANSWER Monitor the patient's vital signs every 2 hours while giving intravenous nitroglycerin. Which electrocardiogram leads reflect the inferior wall? - ANSWER Leads II, III, and aVF A man, age 65, presents with chest pain and changes on his 12-lead electrocardiogram tracing. Which change suggests an acute myocardial infarction? - ANSWER ST-segment elevation greater than 1 mm in two or more contiguous leads A man, age 42, presents to the emergency department with sharp, severe chest pain that increases with inspiration. In addition, he has a fever. The nurse immediately obtains a 12-lead electrocardiogram tracing, which demonstrates ST-segment elevation in all leads except aVR and V1. Based on the history and electrocardiographic findings, what is the most likely diagnosis? - ANSWER Pericarditis Which medication is a first-line agent for managing cardiac arrest? - ANSWER Epinephrine (Adrenalin) For a patient who is suspected of having an aortic dissection, which intervention is appropriate? - ANSWER Administer a beta-blocker to control the heart rate. Which patient is having a hypertensive emergency? - ANSWER A patient with a blood pressure of 190/150 mm Hg, headache, and blurred vision Which sign or symptom is not expected in a patient with acute heart failure? - ANSWER Bilateral wheezing Which cardiac biomarker may result in a more timely and definitive diagnosis of myocardial injury? - ANSWER Troponin A woman, age 52, is found unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless at her desk an hour after returning from lunch. What is the most likely cause of her cardiac arrest? - ANSWER Coronary heart disease Damage to which area of the heart is most likely to result in severe heart failure? - ANSWER Anterior wall You should expect to administer ibuprofen (Motrin) to a patient with which disorder? - ANSWER Acute coronary syndrome After an acute myocardial infarction, which cardiac biomarker is released first? - ANSWER Myoglobin A blockage of the left anterior descending coronary artery causes the infarction of which part of the left ventricle? - ANSWER Anterior wall Hyperkalemia-induced cardiac arrest requires which treatment in addition to cardiopulmonary resuscitation? - ANSWER Calcium chloride In addition to cardiopulmonary resuscitation, sodium bicarbonate is the treatment for cardiac arrest caused by which disorder? - ANSWER Tricyclic antidepressant overdose Drugs from which category reduce preload and afterload? - ANSWER Vasodilators Which statement accurately describes the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis? - ANSWER Atherosclerosis affects the small arteries and arterioles. When performing right-sided electrocardiography, which lead should you place at the fifth intercostal space in the right midaxillary line? - ANSWER RV6 Which drug reduces preload and afterload? - ANSWER Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) Which rhythm is a common cause of sudden cardiac arrest? - ANSWER Ventricular tachycardia [Show More]

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