Tumors of the Brain and Spinal Cord Exam 90 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT

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Tumors of the Brain and Spinal Cord Exam 90 Questions with Verified Answers A brain tumor that originates in the CNS and consists of CNS cells is called? - CORRECT ANSWER primary brain tumor M... ost common cause of secondary brain tumors. - CORRECT ANSWER lung cancer What is the most recognized environmental exposure known to cause primary brain tumors? - CORRECT ANSWER ionizing radiation What is the autosomal-dominant disorder that is characterized by the development of tumors along the nerve shaft? - CORRECT ANSWER neurofibromatosis type 1 What is neurofibromatosis type 1? - CORRECT ANSWER genetic disorder affecting the genes which are responsible for the production of a proteins that suppresses tumor cells along the nerves Which of the glial cells line the ventricles in the brain? - CORRECT ANSWER ependymal cells An ependymoma commonly presents with... - CORRECT ANSWER obstructive hydrocephalus Which glial cells form the blood-brain barrier? - CORRECT ANSWER astrocyte cells Which of the glial cells are responsible for the formation and repair of the myelin sheaths that surround the neurons? - CORRECT ANSWER oligodendrocytes Which of the glial cells do not multiply to for a tumor? - CORRECT ANSWER microglial cells What do microglial cells do? - CORRECT ANSWER macrophages that migrate to the sites of inflammation, degeneration, and injured brain cell Which is the most common location for a CNS tumor to be found? - CORRECT ANSWER meninges What is the most common malignant CNS tumor? - CORRECT ANSWER glioma When a tumor is termed extra-axial, where is it located? - CORRECT ANSWER outside of the brain issue Brain tissue is... - CORRECT ANSWER glial cells Is a grade I-II benign or malignant? - CORRECT ANSWER benign If a spinal tumor is described as intramedullary, where would the tumor be located? - CORRECT ANSWER within the spinal cord The most common site for metastatic spine tumor origination is... - CORRECT ANSWER bone A glial cell can develop into what type of primary brain tumor? - CORRECT ANSWER glioma Where is the most common location in the brain for a glioma to develop? - CORRECT ANSWER frontal lobe Where is the least common location in the brain for a glioma to develop? - CORRECT ANSWER occipital lobe What is a tumor originating from neurons commonly called? - CORRECT ANSWER neuroma What are responsible for the impulses in the brain? - CORRECT ANSWER neurons The tumors invading the peripheral nerve sheath is called a... - CORRECT ANSWER schwannoma What grade of glioma tumor is called an anaplastic tumor? - CORRECT ANSWER grade III What grade of glioma tumor is called an glioblastoma? - CORRECT ANSWER grade IV What grade of glioma tumor is called an diffuse astrocytoma? - CORRECT ANSWER grade II What is the primary mechanism for the complication if hydrocephalus with brain tumors? - CORRECT ANSWER obstruction of CSF flow A brain tumor can invade the ventricles or compress the ventricular system, resulting in... - CORRECT ANSWER hydrocephalus What is a common CNS tumor that produces hydrocephalus? - CORRECT ANSWER ependymoma What is the most common location of a tumor that results in seeding of the tumor cells throughout the CNS? - CORRECT ANSWER leptomeninges and subarachnoid space What is the most common CNS neuroma? - CORRECT ANSWER acoustic neuroma Which area of the brain does a craniopharyngioma commonly affect? - CORRECT ANSWER hypothalmus Would a patient presenting with hemiparesis be considered to have generalized or localized symptoms? - CORRECT ANSWER localized Generalized symptoms of brain tumors include... - CORRECT ANSWER altered LOC, seizures, and cognitive behavior changes Increases ICP symptoms include... - CORRECT ANSWER headache, altered LOC, vomiting, and papilledema Symptoms of brainstem lesions commonly involve which set of CNS nerves? - CORRECT ANSWER cranial nerves CNs that originate in the midbrain... - CORRECT ANSWER III and IV CNs that originate in the pons... - CORRECT ANSWER V, VI, VII, and VIII CNs that originate in the medulla... - CORRECT ANSWER IX, X, XI, and XII A pt presents in the ER with an appearance of being "drunk" and has been diagnosed with a brain tumor. Which is the most likely location of this tumor? - CORRECT ANSWER cerebellum What controls coordination of movement, fine motor skills, and gait? - CORRECT ANSWER cerebellum A pituitary tumor often presents with visual deficits. Is the medial or lateral vision most likely to be affected in both eyes? - CORRECT ANSWER lateral same side = - CORRECT ANSWER ipsilateral opposite side = - CORRECT ANSWER contralateral Which hormone produced by the pituitary gland can result in acromegaly in a pituitary adenoma? - CORRECT ANSWER growth hormone What is commonly the first presentation of an acoustic neuroma? - CORRECT ANSWER dizziness/vertigo A pt presents with symptoms of N/V, headache, and mental status change. the CT scan found a leptomeningeal tumor. What is the most likely cause of the pt's symptoms? - CORRECT ANSWER hydrocephalus An 8-year-old child presents with N/V, listlessness, morning headache, and ataxia. What is the most likely location and type of tumor? - CORRECT ANSWER medulloblastoma in the posterior fossa What is a unique symptom of a brain tumor in an infant who still has open cranial fontanels? - CORRECT ANSWER tense and bulging anterior fontanel What is the most common symptom of a pt with a spinal tumor? - CORRECT ANSWER pain Which radiographic diagnostic examination is commonly ordered initially in an acute setting? - CORRECT ANSWER CT What is the "gold standard" radiographic study used to identify the tumor location, characteristic, and mass effects? - CORRECT ANSWER MRI Which advanced MRI imaging can be used to map eloquent areas of the brain prior to brain tumor surgical resection? - CORRECT ANSWER functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) What is a potential complication of the use of gadolinium contrast in the MRI imaging? - CORRECT ANSWER AKI Which diagnostic study measures glucose uptake of the brain tissues? - CORRECT ANSWER PET What does an increased glucose uptake indicate in a PET scan? - CORRECT ANSWER higher malignancy Tumors located in the sellar region require which diagnostic test to evaluate the hypothalamic-pituitary axis? - CORRECT ANSWER lab results Which is the most diagnostic for determining the brain tumor type and classification? - CORRECT ANSWER brain biopsy What is the CSF result that would be considered the gold standard for establishing the presence of leptomeningeal tumor? - CORRECT ANSWER presence of malignant cells in CSF What lab value should be monitored closely when a pt is on a steriod? - CORRECT ANSWER serum glucose levels In high-grade gliomas, radiation therapy is commonly used in conjunction with which modality of medical management? - CORRECT ANSWER chemotherapy What chemotherapy delivery system is used to deliver the chemotherapy drug carmustine directly to the tumor bed? - CORRECT ANSWER wafers A leptomeningeal tumor may be treated with IV chemotherapy drugs used to treat the original tumor cell type. What is different is these tumors regarding the ability to use larger variety of systemically administered drugs that when treating a glioma? - CORRECT ANSWER disruption of the BBB What is present in CSF with a leptomeningeal tumor? - CORRECT ANSWER elevated protein What medical management is used to treat a prolactinoma? - CORRECT ANSWER dopamine agonist therapy What prohibits prolactin secretions? - CORRECT ANSWER dopamine What preoperative intervention may be used in highly vascular tumors to lower the risk of hemorrhage during surgical resection of the tumor? - CORRECT ANSWER embolization What is the purpose of performing an awake craniotomy and cortical brain mapping? - CORRECT ANSWER to identify eloquent areas if brain and prevent injury What surgical approach is used to remove a pituitary tumor? - CORRECT ANSWER Transphenoidal surgery What is a potential reason for an incomplete surgical excision of a tumor? - CORRECT ANSWER invasion into an eloquent area of brain Area of the brain with a specific function is called an... - CORRECT ANSWER eloquent area What is the primary recommendation for a pt presenting with an acute loss of motor function due to a spinal tumor? - CORRECT ANSWER surgical resection of tumor What is a common complication of a posterior fossa surgery for tumor resection? - CORRECT ANSWER CSF leak Surgical resection of a tumor adjacent to Broca's area can result in which deficit? - CORRECT ANSWER expressive aphasia Broca's area in the frontal lobe controls... - CORRECT ANSWER one's ability to speak The frontal lobe controls... - CORRECT ANSWER one's memory and personality Wernicke's area in the temporal lode controls... - CORRECT ANSWER one's ability to receive/interpret information The parietal lobe controls... - CORRECT ANSWER one's sensation and position Which tumors locations is more likely to present with seizures? - CORRECT ANSWER cortical gray matter The progression of the brain tumor, cerebral edema, or hemorrhage may cause what? - CORRECT ANSWER seizures Which type of glial tumor is most likely to develop the complication of hydrochephalus? - CORRECT ANSWER ependymoma in the ventricles A meningioma is most commonly a grade I tumor. What is the complication of an atypical or anaplastic meningioma? - CORRECT ANSWER brain tissue invassion A pt is on the unit following a pituitary adenoma removal sing the transphenoidal approach. He develops a sudden increase in urine output. What is the most likely complication experienced by this pt? - CORRECT ANSWER DI Increased urine output, hypernatremia, serum hyperosmolality, and decrease in urine specific gravity indicates what? - CORRECT ANSWER diabetes insipidus What complication can occur with a tumor causing spinal nerve root compression? - CORRECT ANSWER bladder dysfunction 5TH TO 7TH DECADES OF LIFE - CORRECT ANSWER PEAK INCIDENCE OF BRAIN TUMORS OCCURS MEN - CORRECT ANSWER HIGHER INCIDENCE OF BRAIN TUMORS THAN IN WOMEN. GENETIC OR HEREDITARY FACTORS - CORRECT ANSWER MAYBE CAUSED BY SOME TUMORS. CANCERS OF THE LUNG 35%, BREAST 20%, SKIN 10%, KIDNEY 10% AND GI 5% - CORRECT ANSWER METASTATIC TUMORS TO BRAIN MOST COMMONLY ARISE FROM - [Show More]

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