Kaplan Nursing School Entrance Exam Terms 46 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT

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Kaplan Nursing School Entrance Exam Terms 46 Questions with Verified Answers Math -> Order of Operations - CORRECT ANSWER PEMDAS --> Parenthesis; Exponents; Multiplication & Division (left to righ... t); Addition & Subtraction (left to right) Supplementary - CORRECT ANSWER when the measures of two angles adds up to 180 degrees Complementary - CORRECT ANSWER when the measures of two angles adds up to 90 degrees Electron Transport Chain - CORRECT ANSWER Occurs in the inner membrane of the mitochondria (in Prokaryotes it occurs in the plasma membrane because they do no have mitochondria) Is the transfer of Hydrogen ions (protons) between an electron donor and electron acceptor (Photosynthesis and redox reactions). The energy that is released is used in a metabolic pathway (oxidative phosphorylation) to produce ATP. Glycolysis - CORRECT ANSWER Occurs in the cytoplasm. Is a metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate (1:2). Krebs Cycle (also known as Citric Acid Cycle) - CORRECT ANSWER Occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria. Is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy. Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER Eukaryotes only. Are called the "cellular power plants" and supply most of a cells ATP Endoplasmic Reticulum - CORRECT ANSWER Eukaryotes only. Rough ER: Synthesis of proteins Smooth ER: Synthesis of lipids, metabolizing carbohydrates, regulates calcium and filters (detoxifies) Lysosomes - CORRECT ANSWER Contains acid hydrolase; breaks down waste and debris Kinetic Theory - CORRECT ANSWER Describes a gas as a large number of small particles (atoms or molecules), all of which are in constant, random motion. --> Small particles; all have the same mass; total number is too large to count and stats can be used; move at constant, random motion; collide with themselves (Brownian motion); interactions are negligible; kinetic energy depends on temp Atomic Mass - CORRECT ANSWER The atomic mass is the mass of a specific isotope. It is the total mass of protons, neutrons and electrons in a single atom. Radioactive Decay - CORRECT ANSWER Is the process by which an atomic nucleus of an unstable atom loses energy by emitting ionizing particles (ionizing radiation) Mass Number - CORRECT ANSWER Protons (number of protons is the atomic number) + Neutrons --> Neucleons are protons and neutrons Isotopes - CORRECT ANSWER variants of a particular chemical element. All isotopes of a given element share the same number of protons BUT each differs in the number of neutrons Positron - CORRECT ANSWER Also called Antielectron. Is the counterpart of electrons (+1e) and has the same mass number as an electron Atomic Theory - CORRECT ANSWER the theory about the nature of matter, which states that matter is composed of discrete units called atoms Ionization Energy - CORRECT ANSWER The energy required to remove electrons from gaseous atoms or ions 1 degree Celsius is how many degrees Kelvin? - CORRECT ANSWER 1 degree Celsius is 274 degrees Kelvin Chemical Compound - CORRECT ANSWER Is a pure chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical elements that can be separated into simpler substances by chemical reactions Single-Displacement Reaction - CORRECT ANSWER Is a type of oxidation-reduction chemical reaction when an element or ion moves out of one compound and into another Synthesis Reaction - CORRECT ANSWER purposeful execution of chmical reactions to get a product, or several products Combustion Reaction - CORRECT ANSWER is the sequence of exothermic chemical reactions between a fuel and an oxidant accompanied by the production of heat and conversion of chemical species Velocity - CORRECT ANSWER Is a vector, so it has direction. Speed - CORRECT ANSWER is the magnitude of velocity (doesn't have direction) Voltage - CORRECT ANSWER electrical potential difference (is the electrical difference between two points) Capacitance - CORRECT ANSWER is the ability of a body to store an electrical charge Force - CORRECT ANSWER F = ma, a force is any influence that causes an object to undergo a certain change, either concerning its movement, direction, or geometrical construction A larger mass requires more force to achieve the same acceleration rate. Heat - CORRECT ANSWER energy transferred from one body to another by thermal interactions (conduction, radiation, convection) Work - CORRECT ANSWER A force is said to do work when it acts on a body so that there is a displacement of the point of application, however small, in the direction of the force First Law of Motion - CORRECT ANSWER An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force. An object in motion continues in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. This law is often called "the law of inertia". Second Law of Motion - CORRECT ANSWER Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass. The greater the mass (of the object being accelerated) the greater the amount of force needed (to accelerate the object). Third Law of Motion - CORRECT ANSWER For every action there is an equal and opposite re-action. Vector - CORRECT ANSWER a quantity that has magnitude and direction. Examples include: displacement, velocity, acceleration, and force. Each of these quantities are unique in that a full description of the quantity demands that both a magnitude and a direction are listed. Scalar - CORRECT ANSWER Scalars are quantities that are fully described by a magnitude (or numerical value) alone. Ohm's Law - CORRECT ANSWER States that the electrical current (I) flowing in a circuit is proportional to the voltage (V) and inversely proportional to the resistance (R) * Therefore, if the voltage is increased, the current will increase, provided that the resistance doesn't change. *Similarly, increasing the resistance of the circuit will lower the current flow (if the voltage isn't changed) Polysomes - CORRECT ANSWER Ribosomes function in clusters called polysomes Stomata - CORRECT ANSWER The small openings on the undersides of most leaves through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move. --> closes at night to prevent the loss of H20 Orator - CORRECT ANSWER one distinguished for skill and power as a public speaker Obstreperous - CORRECT ANSWER 1. marked by unruly or aggressive noisiness 2. stubbornly resistant to control Intransigent - CORRECT ANSWER characterized by refusal to compromise or to abandon an extreme position or attitude ( Ex: Trump is intransigent) Partisanship - CORRECT ANSWER partiality; an inclination to favor one group or view or opinion over alternatives Castigate - CORRECT ANSWER reprimand (someone) severely Maven - CORRECT ANSWER an expert or connoisseur Neophyte - CORRECT ANSWER A person who is new to a subject, skill or belief Supplicant - CORRECT ANSWER Prayer; someone who prays to God (humility) Exculpate - CORRECT ANSWER show or declare that someone is not guilty of a wrongdoing (exonerate, acquit, excuse, vindicate) [Show More]

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