NR 511 Midterm Exam (Latest 2023 - 2024) New Full Questions and Answers ( Included ) 100% Correct

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1. What are common causes of N/V associated with gastritis?: Alcohol,NSAIDs, ASA, ABX, and illicit substances 2. What is the most common cause of nausea and vomiting?: Acute Gastroen-teritis (AGE) ... 3. What are some manifestations of AGE?: Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain. May also include fatigue, malaise, anorexia, tenesmus andborborygmus. 4. How isthe severity of AGE gauged?: Dehydration secondary to profuse waterydiarrhea, fever greater than 101ºF (38.3ºC), vomiting, or dysentery. 5. What are important parts of a patient's history when AGE is suspected?: - Travel, dining locations, ABX history.. 6. What happens to the pH of the stomach when antacids are taken and how does this affect bacteria?: High pH can make it easier for bacteria to survive andcause and infection. 7. How does motility of the GI tract affect bacteria colonization?: Small bowelstasis as a result of obstruction, diverticulitis, or blind loop syndrome frequently develop an overgrowth of bacteria within the stagnant segment. 8. Which immunoglobulin may protect the GI tract against invading organ- isms?: IgA...may also help protect against a future attack by the same pathogen. 9. Onset of N/V begin within 6 hours after exposure. Is this bacterial or viral?- : Bacterial: time frame suggests food poisoning resulting from the ingestion of apreformed toxin such as that of Bacillus cereus. 10. What two indications are highly suggestive of viral AGE?: Incubation peri-ods greater than 14 hours and the initial symptom of vomiting. 11. If a patient presents with AGE and reports bloody stools, what can be understood about the reason for blood in the stool/: Mucosal damage and inflammatory process secondary to invasive pathogens. 12. What do frothy stools and flatus suggest?: Malabsorption problem. 13. Patients with prolonged AGE illness who are malnourished may presentwith edema. What is the reason?: Hypoalbuminemia 14. T or F: Chronic diarrhea usually has a noninfectious etiology.: True 15. Tor F:Acute diarrhea usually is caused by infectious agents ortoxins: True 16. What is the most common viral pathogen causing AGE in adults?: - Norovirus 17. What is the most common viral pathogen causing AGE in pediatrics?: Ro-tavirus.This has been greatly reduced since the introduction ofthe rotavirus vaccine. 18. T or F: Stool studies are indicated in the absence of bloody diarrhea orsystemic disease: False 19. T or F: A CBC will help distinguish between viral and bacterial AGE: False 20. When are stool studies warranted?: Severe or prolonged diarrhea, a fever >38.5ºC, bloody stools or stools that test positive for leukocytes or occult blood. 21. What are common pathogens involved in Traveler's Diarrhea?: Shigella,Campylobacter, and E. [Show More]

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