University of the People AY 2021 Sophia Sociology MILESTONE 4. Score 19/21 Includes all the CONCEPTS.

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UNIT 4 — MILESTONE 4 Score 19/23 You passed this Milestone 19 questions were answered correctly. 4 questions were answered incorrectly. 1 Select the statement about fundamentalists that is tru... e. Fundamentalists hold progressive beliefs and acknowledge non-traditional worldviews. Fundamentalists believe that sacred texts provide general guidelines for living. They are not meant to be interpreted literally. Fundamentalists acknowledge the beliefs of other religions, but only follow the rules and standards of their own. Fundamentalists maintain that their beliefs are true, and any other beliefs are not. CONCEPT Religious Organizations 2 Gary says he is prejudiced because his father was prejudiced. He believes that prejudicial attitudes are part of our society and are passed from generation to generation. Gary's comments illustrate which of the following theories of prejudice? Culture theoryConflict theory Scapegoat theory Authoritarian personality theory CONCEPT Theories of Inequality in Race 3 Which of the following is NOT one of the three major functions of religion identified by sociologist Emile Durkheim? Promoting conformity to certain social norms Creating discord and conflict about religious beliefs Bonding through rituals, customs, and symbols Providing people with a sense of purpose and comfort CONCEPT Functions of Religion 4 W ealth and status are important social indicators in America. Although he wouldn't admit it, Bob feels a sense of satisfaction when he puts on an expensive suit, drives his new car to pick up his date, and takes her to an exclusive restaurant. Bob's behavior illustrates which of the following? Wealth Socioeconomic statusConspicuous consumption Social mobility CONCEPT Income, Wealth, and Occupations 5 Which of the following is NOT a claim made by the Davis Moore Thesis? Social stratification will decrease (or vanish) when a society reaches the period of post-industrialism. Social stratification is a functional need of society because it ensures that all classes of jobs will be filled. In a division of labor, some jobs are more functional for the maintenance of society than others. All societies have experienced social stratification of some kind. CONCEPT Davis Moore Thesis and the Egalitarian Society 6 In the early stages of industrialization, many urban families were so poor that children had to work to provide income for the family. This is an example of which of the following kinds of slavery? Human trafficking Debt bondage Chattel slavery Child slaveryCONCEPT Slavery and Human Trafficking 7 When the Berlin Wall fell and the Soviet Union dissolved, many people experienced __________ because these large social changes impacted their life circumstances and position in society. the transition to a meritocracy structural social mobility the transition to a class system the dissolution of a caste system CONCEPT Class System 8 Which of the following is true of ethnic categories in the United States? Ethnic categories are not related to a geographic location of origin (e.g., to a country of origin). Ethnic categories are natural categories that reflect biological differences between people. The meaning of ethnic categories in the United States is not subject to social changes and current events. Ethnic categories are socially constructed attributes that are given meaning by people in society. CONCEPT Race and Ethnicity in the US 9 Judy's mother, who was raised in a working class family, became a physicist.This is an example of which of the following? Meritocracy Structural social mobility Status consistency Social mobility CONCEPT Social Stratification 10 Throughout much of American history, black and white people were separated from each other. People were restricted to designated restaurants, schools, and public places, based on their race. They were not allowed to use facilities designated for the other race. This period in American history is an example of which of the following? Miscegenation Pluralism Segregation Stereotyping CONCEPT Inequalities in Patterns of Interaction 11 Which of the following statements is consistent with the conclusions anthropologist Margaret Mead drew from her research on societies in New Guinea?Mead found that masculinity and femininity were defined similarly across cultures. Mead concluded that gender is based on biological differences. Mead discovered that cultural differences are more important than biological differences in shaping gender role expectations. CONCEPT Gender and Gender Stratification 12 According to __________, technological development and market forces drive economic inequality. the Davis Moore Thesis the Kuznets curve dependency theory CONCEPT Kuznets Curve 13 __________ refers to exploitation and domination by multinational corporations. Modernization theory Colonialism Dependency theory NeocolonialismCONCEPT Colonialism and Neocolonialism 14 Researchers have found that, even when income and neighborhood quality are similar, banks are more likely to reject home mortgage applications from minority applicants than from white people. This is an example of which of the following? Miscegenation Institutionalized discrimination Stereotyping Prejudice CONCEPT Discrimination 15 Which of the following is a correct pairing? Gender roles Socially-structured responsibilities that are part of being male or female Gender roles Discrimination based on sex Intersectionality The theory of how race influences opportunities Patriarchy Rule by femalesCONCEPT Gender Roles and Sexism 16 Which of the following statements accurately reflects world systems theory? Semi-peripheral countries exploit those on the periphery, and are not exploited by those at the core. The core of the world economy consists of low-income nations that produce most of the world's goods. Rich countries form the core of the world economy and economically exploit poor countries that are situated on the periphery. CONCEPT Capitalist World Economy 17 Marx's term for those who control the means of production is __________. capitalists socialists proletarians alienators CONCEPT Marx and Class Conflict 18 James has strong negative attitudes towards immigrants. He believes that immigrants are the reason why he doesn't have a job. James' beliefs about immigrants are an example of which of the following?Ethnic discrimination Discrimination Racism Prejudice CONCEPT Race and Ethnicity: Prejudice and Racism 19 Sheila is a single mother who works but can't seem to get ahead. Most of Sheila's friends, and many of her coworkers at the diner where she is employed, are single mothers who live in poverty too. Sheila and her friends reflect which of the following trends in society? Functional poverty The rise in the need for corporate welfare The rise in the need for individual welfare The feminization of poverty CONCEPT Poverty, Welfare and Power 20 Which of the following is a correct pairing? Sexual harassment Harassment that always occurs in the homeFeminism Support for equality between men and women Sexual harassment Harassment that only involves physical contact Feminism A position that promotes female dominance over men CONCEPT Problems in Gender Inequality 21 Which of the following is NOT one of the key principles of feminism? Ending violence against women Promoting the superiority of women over men Support for social equality for women and men Support for a right to choose regarding sexuality and reproduction CONCEPT Feminism 22 Brazil and Iran are examples of which of the following? Core countries Low-income countriesMiddle-income countries High-income countries CONCEPT High, Middle and Low Income Countries 23 Society is tied to the past, and to established ways of doing things. Alternative ways of organizing society have not been considered. This corresponds to which of Rostow's stages of modernization? Stage of highly advanced technology Traditional stage Stage of mass consumption Take-off stage CONCEPT Modernization and Dependency Theory [Show More]

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