Crumple Zones_Gizmo - Student Exploration_2022 | Questions & Answers {100%}

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Student Exploration: Crumple Zones Vocabulary: acceleration, airbag, collision avoidance system, crash test dummy, crumple zone, force, kinetic energy, Newton’s laws of motion, safety cell, seat b... elt, work, work-energy theorem Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) Two burglars run down an alley at night, trying to escape the cops. Jack is carrying a rigid metal safe. Jill is carrying an armful of antique quilts. In the pitch dark, they both collide headlong into a concrete wall. 1. Who do you think will be hurt more in the collision, and why? 2. During a car crash, what features of the car might act like either Jack’s safe or Jill’s quilts? Gizmo Warm-up When cars were first invented, the safety of passengers was not a great concern. As vehicles grew larger and faster, accidents became more deadly. Safety features went from being a rare luxury to a legal requirement. In the Crumple Zones Gizmo, you will design cars that will help a crash test dummy survive a collision. 1. To begin, do not make any changes to the DESIGN tab of the Gizmo. Select the CRASH TEST tab, and click Play ( ). After the crash, click Slo-mo replay. What happens? 2019 2. Select the RESULTS tab to read about the results of the crash. Do you think a passenger would have survived this car crash? Explain. Activity A: Surviving a crash Get the Gizmo ready:  Click Reset ( ).  On the DESIGN tab, check that Sedan is selected. Introduction: Modern vehicles contain features designed to keep passengers safe in a crash. The crumple zone in the front of the car slows the car gradually and increases stopping time. The safety cell is a rigid cage that prevents passengers from being crushed. Inside, seat belts and airbags prevent the driver from hitting the windshield, steering wheel, or dashboard. Question: How does a crumple zone help protect a passenger? 1. Make a hypothesis: On the DESIGN tab, look at the parameters you can control. What settings do you think will make the safest car? Set up the Gizmo, and then fill in below. Crumple zone length: Crumple zone rigidity: Safety cell rigidity: Seat belt present? If present, seat belt stiffness: Air bag present? If present, air bag rigidity: 2. Test: On the CRASH TEST tab, check that the Car 1 speed is 16 m/s, or about 35 miles per hour (mph). Click Play. After the crash, select the RESULTS tab. A. By what percentage did the crumple zone deform? Safety cell? B. Did the dummy hit the steering wheel? C. What was the maximum force on the dummy? D. How likely was the dummy to survive? In this simulation, forces are measured in kilonewtons (kN). One kilonewton is equal to 1000 newtons, or the force of a 225-pound (102 kg) person standing on your chest. While many factors affect survival, only the maximum force and safety cell collapse are considered here. 3. Experiment: On the DESIGN tab, set the Crumple zone length to 100 cm and the Safety cell rigidity to 2000 kN. Set the Seat belt stiffness to 50 kN/m and turn off the Airbag. For each Crumple zone rigidity setting, run a 16 m/s crash test and enter the results below. Crumple zone Crumple zone Dummy Max. force on Likelihood of 2019 rigidity deformation displacement dummy survival 100 kN 200 kN 300 kN 400 kN (Activity A continued on next page) 2019 Activity A (continued from previous page) 4. Evaluate: Look at the results of your experiment. What was the relationship between crumple zone rigidity, crumple zone deformation, and maximum force on the dummy? [Show More]

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