Psych 100 Exam 1 Questions with answers, Rated A 2022/2023

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Psych 100 Exam 1 Questions with answers, Rated A 2022/2023 Psychology - ✔✔The scientific study of behavior and mental processes 1879 - ✔✔The founding date of Psychology Wilhem Wundt... - ✔✔The founder of Psychology Physiology and Philosophy - ✔✔Two fields Psychology was born from Structuralism - ✔✔An early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind Functionalism - ✔✔A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish. Psychoanalysis - ✔✔A set of techniques for exploring underlying motives and a method of treating various mental disorders Biological Psychology - ✔✔A branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior (genes) Humanism - ✔✔A philosophy in which interests and values of human beings are of primary importance Behaviorism - ✔✔The view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2). Cognitive Psychology - ✔✔Perspective that focuses on the mental processes involved in perception, learning, memory, and thinking Evolutionary Psychology - ✔✔The study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection Psychoanalytic - ✔✔Sigmund Freud contributed to this psychological perspective Behaviorism - ✔✔John B. Watson contributed to this psychological perspective Behaviorism - ✔✔B.F. Skinner contributed to this psychological perspective Humanism - ✔✔Carl Rogers contributed to this psychological perspective Humanism - ✔✔Abraham Maslow contributed to this psychological perspective Clinical Psychologist - ✔✔A psychologist trained to deal with serious mental illness; they do psychological testing, psychotherapy, and conduct research Counseling Psychologist - ✔✔A psychologist who usually helps people deal with problems of living Psychiatrist - ✔✔A medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders; can prescribe medication Empirical - ✔✔Method of study/research based on direct observation rather than on speculation, traditional beliefs, or common sense Psychology is: Empirical, Theoretically Diverse, Evolves in a Sociohistorical Context, Behavior is Determined by Multipal Causes, Behavior is Shaped by Cultural Heritage, Heredity and Environment Jointly Influence Behavior, and People's Experience of the World is Highly Subjective - ✔✔7 Key Themes Related to Psychology Description, Explanation, Prediction, Control - ✔✔4 Major Goals of Psychology Observe, Background Research, Define Terms, Form Hypothesis, Design the Study, Collect Data, Analyze Data, Report Findings, Form New Hypothesis - ✔✔Steps in the Scientific Method Theory - ✔✔An explanation using an integrated set of principles and the scientific method that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or events Hypothesis - ✔✔A specific prediction to be tested; a theory that has not yet been confirmed Correlational Study - ✔✔Investigates the relationship between two or more variables Positive Correlation - ✔✔Two variables vary systematically in the same direction Negative Correlation - ✔✔Two variables vary systematically in opposite directions Correlation Coefficient - ✔✔Numerical indication of magnitude and direction of the relationship between two variables Independent Variable - ✔✔Controlled by the experimenter to see its impact on anothe [Show More]

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