Gerontological Nursing – Exam 2 Review Chapter 11 – Nutrition and Hydration

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Chapter 11 – Nutrition and Hydration  Anorexia loss of appetite  Dysphagia: difficulty swallowing due to difficulty moving food o Transfer dysphagia: from the mouth to the esophagus o Tran... sport dysphagia: down the esophagus o Delivery dysphagia: from the esophagus into the stomach  Nutrition status influences one’s ability to defend the body against disease, maintain anatomic and structural normality, think clearly, and possess the energy and desire to engage in social activity  Cause/contributing factors to nutritional status decline o Teeth erosion/tooth loss  Nursing diagnosis: Nutritional deficiecy related to limited ability to chew foods, acute pain related to poor condition of teeth o Reduction in saliva to approximately 1/3 previous volume  Nursing diagnosis: Nutritional deficiency related to less efficient mixing of foods o Inefficient digestion of starch due to decreased salivary ptyalin  Nursing diagnosis: Nutritional deficiency related to reduced breakdown of starches o Atrophy or epithelial covering in oral mucosa  Nursing diagnosis: Violation of integrity of oral mucosa o Increased taste threshhold/approximately 1/3 the number of functioning taste buds  Nursing diagnosis: Risk of nutritional excess related to increased intake of salts and sweets to copensation for taste alterations o Decreased thirst sensation  Nursing diagnosis: Fluid volume deficit related to decreased thirst o Reduced hunger contractions  Nursing diagnosis: Nutritional deficiency related to reduced ability to sense hunger sensations o Weaker gag reflex, reduced stomach motility  Risk of aspiration, Nutritional deficiency related to selfimposed restrictions to avoid discomfort o Less hydrochloric acid, pepsin, and pancreatic acid [Show More]

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