Psychology 101 Final Exam Latest 2022

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Psychology 101 Final Exam Latest 2022 Variables ✔✔the events, characteristics, behaviors, or conditions that researchers measure and study. subject or participant ✔✔an individual person or ... animal a researcher studies. Sample ✔✔a collection of subjects researchers study. Researchers use samples because they cannot study the entire population. Population ✔✔the collection of people or animals from which researchers draw a sample. Researchers study the sample and generalize their results to the population. The Purpose of Research ✔✔-To find ways to measure and describe behavior -To understand why, when, and how events occur -To apply this knowledge to solving real-world problems The scientific method ✔✔a standardized way of making observations, gathering data, forming theories, testing predictions, and interpreting results. A theory ✔✔an explanation that organizes separate pieces of information in a coherent way. replicable ✔✔when others can repeat an experiment and get the same results. hypothesis ✔✔a testable prediction of what will happen given a certain set of conditions. naturalistic observation ✔✔researchers collect information about subjects by observing them unobtrusively, without interfering with them in any way. case study ✔✔The researcher collects data about the subject through interviews, direct observation, psychological testing, or examination of documents and records about the subject. survey ✔✔a way of getting information about a specific type of behavior, experience, or event. When using this method, researchers give people questionnaires or interview them to obtain information. experiment ✔✔a researcher manipulates or changes a particular variable under controlled conditions while observing resulting changes in another variable or variables. Occam's razor ✔✔maintains that researchers should apply the simplest explanation possible to any set of observations. correlation ✔✔measurement of the strength of the relationship between two variables reliability ✔✔if a test produces the same result when researchers administer it to the same group of people at different times, it has reliability. Validity ✔✔A test is valid if it actually measures the quality it claims to measure. Bias ✔✔the distortion of results by a variable. Common types of bias include sampling bias, subject bias, and experimenter bias. Sensation ✔✔the process by which physical energ [Show More]

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