Test #6 Neuro 1 Patho

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Test #6 Neuro 1 Patho Question Answer the brain is protected by the ___ and ____ the skull and CSF ______ must be maintained for electrical impulses metabolic stablilty metabolic stability and ... electrical impulses are controlled through the ____ and _____ blood-brain barrier and autoregulatory mechanisms decreased O2 with maintained blood flow...the interruption in the delivery of O2 hypoxia reduced blood flow...interuption of O2 and glucose and removal of waste products ischemia one single area; collateral circulation may develop to compensate focal ischemia entire brain; no collateral global ischemia in ischemia the gluose reserve is used up in ___ 2-4 minutes in ischemia the ATP reserve is used up in ___ 4-5 minutes excess ___ in the tissue leads to edema Na energy depletion leads to shifts in __, ___, and ___ Na, K, Ca increase in tissue colume do to fluid accumulation cerebral edema two types of cerebral edema vasogenic and cytotoxic results from an increase in extracellular fluid surrounding the brain cells vasogenic cerebral edema vasogenic cerebral edema may cause damage which may impairs the ____ blood brain barrier vasogenic cerebral edema mainly occurs in ___ white matter swelling of the brain cells cytotoxic cerebral edema cytotoxic cerebral edema mainly occurs in ___ grey matter rise in the pressure(>15 mmHg) of CSF that maintains the subarchnoid space > intracranial pressure between the skulll and the brain as volume of one compartment increases, volume of another decreases, to a limit Monro-Kellie Hypothesis monro-kellie hyopthesis is controlled by ____ autoregulation cerebral arterioles change diameter to maintain bl flow when ICP increases autoregulation of monrokellie hypothesis in the monro-kellie hypothesis ___ is unable to compensate, but the ___ is able to compensate to a limit brain tissue.....blood compartment ____ and _____ occurs when the brain is unable to compensate past its limit ischemia and hypercapnia cushing's triad/reflex is ___, ____, and ____ elevates systolic blood pressure (SBP), wide pulse pressure, and bradycardia displacement of a portion of the brain through or around linings of the brain or herniation openings within the intracranial cavity herniation = brain death you want to try to preven herniation b/c if not ____ will occur death FLEXOR posturing indicating corticospinal tract lesions decorticate EXTENSOR posturing indicating brainstem injury decerebrate what are the main s/s of increased intracranial pressure HA, N/V, and pupillary changes seen in head injuries...pupils will constrict and get big, then little, big then little...etc hippus why do you want to sit a px with increased intracranial pressure in semi-fowlers position? to try to drain some of the fluid (30-60 degree angle) structural damage to the head and is the leading cause of death in ages <24 tranumatic head and brain injury can be simple, commuinuted, or depresed and can cause compression ot trauma to the brain tissue sk [Show More]

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