Pharmacology Questions and Answers A+ guide

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What are the main uses of hormones in medical treatment? Hormones are part of clinical replacement therapy for patients who have a demonstrable deficiency of the substance, and they are pharmacologi... cal treatments for certain disease states. 2. What are the functions of the anterior pituitary? The pituitary gland controls and regulates the activities of the other endocrine glands by directing the secretion of hormones from its two lobes to other parts of the body. 3. What is the function of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system? In the endocrine system, the hypothalamus controls the activity of the pituitary gland. 4. What substances are produced in the hypothalamus? The hypothalamus produces releasing factors, which are sent to activate the anterior lobe of the pituitary, and produces oxytocin and ADH, which are transported to the posterior lobe. 5. Where are the tropic hormones produced? Give two examples of a tropic hormone. Tropic hormones from the anterior pituitary include: Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH or thyrotropin) - stimulates the thyroid gland to make and release thyroid hormone. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH or corticotropin) - stimulates the adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoids. 6. How do the releasing hormones get to the anterior pituitary gland? The hypothalamus and the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland are connected by small blood vessels, known as the portal system, through which releasing factors reach the pituitary gland. 7. What is the function of releasing hormones? Releasing hormones stimulate the production of tropic hormones by the anterior pituitary. 8. Explain the concept of negative feedback in the control of hormonal secretion. Negative feedback is the signal sent to the hypothalamus, triggered by the concentration of a specific hormone in the circulation, to stop secretion of the releasing factor. [Show More]

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