NURS 6521N FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTION AND verified ANSWERS. Advanced Pharmacology ALREADY GRADED A.

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Question 1 0 out of 1 points An elderly woman is slated for a hemiarthroplasty (hip replacement surgery) after falling and breaking her hip on the stairs outside her home. The woman's pain in the ... time since her injury has been severe, and her care team has been treating it with morphine. Which of the following administration schedules is most likely to control the patient's pain? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: D. Twice­daily doses of long­acting morphine, with short­acting morphine available for breakthrough pain Response Feedback: The use of long­acting analgesia combined with short­acting opioids for breakthrough pain is a proactive pain management technique that maximizes therapeutic benefit while minimizing the risks of adverse effects.  Question 2 1 out of 1 points A patient who is experiencing acute alcohol withdrawal is being treated with intravenous lorazepam (Ativan). This drug achieves a therapeutic effect by Selected Answer: Correct Answer: D. increasing the effects of the neurotransmitter GABA. Response Feedback: Like all benzodiazepines, lorazepam increases the effects of GABA, which has an inhibitory effect on the CNS. However, none of the benzodiazepines act like GABA or increase the amount of GABA present. MAOIs inhibit monoamine oxidase and tricyclic antidepressants primarily affect serotonin and norepinephrine levels. SSRIs increase the availability of serotonin in the synapses.  Question 3 1 out of 1 points A trauma patient has been receiving frequent doses of morphine in the 6 days since his accident. This pattern of analgesic administration should prompt the nurse to carefully monitor the patient's Selected Answer: C. bowel patterns. Correct Answer: C. bowel patterns. Response Feedback: Morphine, like most opioid analgesics, creates a risk for constipation. The drug is unlikely to influence the patient's temperature, skin integrity, or urine specific gravity.  Question 4 0 out of 1 points A patient has been prescribed zolpidem (Ambien) for short­term treatment of insomnia. Which of the following will the nurse include in a teaching plan for this patient? (Select all that apply.) Selected Answers: B. It is available in both quick­onset and continuous­release oral forms. D. It should be taken 1 hour to 90 minutes before going to bed. E. One of the most common adverse effects of the drug is headache. Correct Answers: B. It is available in both quick­onset and continuous­release oral forms. C. The drug does not cause sleepiness in the morning. E. One of the most common adverse effects of the drug is headache. Response Feedback: Zolpidem generally is not used for more than 7 to 10 days at a time. It induces sleep rapidly and should be taken immediately before going to bed. It is true that the drug does not seem to produce residual effects the next morning or cause prolonged rebound effects when it is discontinued. It is available in both quickonset and continuous­release oral forms, and common adverse effects of the drug are headache, prolonged drowsiness, and dizziness.  Question 5 1 out of 1 points A postsurgical patient has been provided with a morphine patient­controlled analgesic (PCA) but has expressed her reluctance to use it for fear of becoming addicted. How can the nurse best respond to this patient's concerns? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: B. “It is not uncommon to develop a dependence on pain medications, but this usually takes place over a long period and is not the same as addiction.” Response Feedback: Addiction to opioids is a rare occurrence among hospital patients who do not have a history of drug abuse. It would be inappropriate to downplay the patient's concerns, however. A more appropriate response would be to explain the phenomenon of dependence and to differentiate it from addiction.  Question 6 1 out of 1 points A patient with mild low back pain has been advised to take acetaminophen. The nurse will inform him that excessive intake of acetaminophen may result in Selected Answer: D. liver damage. Correct Answer: D. liver damage. Response Feedback: A patient taking acetaminophen should be taught the common adverse effects of the drug, which include rash, urticaria, and nausea. Nausea, not gastrointestinal distress, is a common adverse effect of acetaminophen. Flushing, dizziness, and feelings of tingling, heat, and fatigue are the most common adverse effects of sumatriptan, not acetaminophen.  Question 7 1 out of 1 points A 64­year­old­patient has been prescribed lorazepam (Ativan) because of increasing periods of anxiety. The nurse should be careful to assess for Selected Answer: Correct Answer: B. a history of current or past alcohol use. Response Feedback: The patient who has history of alcohol or substance abuse may be a poor candidate for lorazepam because the patient is more likely to develop dependenceon the drug. Alcohol will also have an additive effect with lorazepam. A diet high in fat and carbohydrates or nicotine use should not affect the use of lorazepam.  Question 8 1 out of 1 points Morphine has been prescribed for a 28­year­old man w [Show More]

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