*NURSING > QUESTIONS & ANSWERS > NSG 6005 ADV PHARM FINAL EXAM TEST BANK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+ (All)
Chapter 1. The Role of the Nurse Practitioner 1. Nurse practitioner prescriptive authority is regulated by: 1 . The National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2 . The U.S. Drug Enforcement Adm... inistration 3 . The State Board of Nursing for each state 4 . The State Board of Pharmacy 2. The benefits to the patient of having an Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN) prescriber include: 1 . Nurses know more about Pharmacology than other prescribers because they take it both in their basic nursing program & in their APRN program. 2 . Nurses care for the patient from a holistic approach & include the patient in decision making regarding their care. 3 . APRNs are less likely to prescribe narcotics & other controlled substances. 4 . APRNs are able to prescribe independently in all states, whereas a physician’s assistant needs to have a physician supervising their practice. 3. Clinical judgment in prescribing includes: 1 . Factoring in the cost to the patient of the medication prescribed 2 . Always prescribing the newest medication available for the disease process 3 . H&ing out drug samples to poor patients 4 . Prescribing all generic medications to cut costs 4. Criteria for choosing an effective drug for a disorder include: 1. Asking the patient what drug they think would work best for them 2. Consulting nationally recognized guidelines for disease management 3. Prescribing medications that are available as samples before writing a prescription 4. Following U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration guidelines for prescribing 5. Nurse practitioner practice may thrive under health-care reform because of: 1 . The demonstrated ability of nurse practitioners to control costs & improve patient outcomes 2 . The fact that nurse practitioners will be able to practice independently 3 . The fact that nurse practitioners will have full reimbursement under health-care reform 4 . The ability to shift accountability for Medicaid to the state level Chapter 2. Review of Basic Principles of Pharmacology 1. A patient’s nutritional intake & laboratory results reflect hypoalbuminemia. This is critical to prescribing because: 1 . Distribution of drugs to target tissue may be affected. 2 . The solubility of the drug will not match the site of absorption. 3 . There will be less free drug available to generate an effect. 4 . Drugs bound to albumin are readily excreted by the kidneys. 2. Drugs that have a significant first-pass effect: 1 . Must be given by the enteral (oral) route only 2 . Bypass the hepatic circulation 2 ADV Pharm | TextBook | StudyGuide 3 . Are rapidly metabolized by the liver & may have little if any desired action 4 . Are converted by the liver to more active & fat-soluble forms 3. The route of excretion of a volatile drug will likely be the: 1 . Kidneys 2 . Lungs 3 . Bile & feces 4 . Skin 4. Medroxyprogesterone (Depo Provera) is prescribed intramuscularly (IM) to create a storage reservoir of the drug. Storage reservoirs: 1 . Assure that the drug will reach its intended target tissue 2 . Are the reason for giving loading doses 3 . Increase the length of time a drug is available & active 4 . Are most common in collagen tissues 5. The NP chooses to give cephalexin every 8 hours based on knowledge of the drug’s: 1 . Propensity to go to the target receptor 2 . Biological half-life 3 . Pharmacodynamics 4 . Safety & side effects 6. Azithromycin dosing requires that the first day’s dosage be twice those of the other 4 days of the prescription. This is considered a loading dose. A loading dose: 1 . Rapidly achieves drug levels in the therapeutic range 2 . Requires four- to five-half-lives to attain 3 . Is influenced by renal function 4 . Is directly related to the drug circulating to the target tissues 7. The point in time on the drug concentration curve that indicates the first sign of a therapeutic effect is the: 1 . Minimum adverse effect level 2 . Peak of action 3 . Onset of action 4 . Therapeutic range 8. Phenytoin requires that a trough level be drawn. Peak & trough levels are done: 1 . When the drug has a wide therapeutic range 2 . When the drug will be administered for a short time only 3 . When there is a high correlation between the dose & saturation of receptor sites 4 . To determine if a drug is in the therapeutic range 9. A laboratory result indicates that the peak level for a drug is above the minimum toxic concentration. This means that the: 1 . Concentration will produce therapeutic effects 2 . Concentration will produce an adverse response 3 ADV Pharm | TextBook | StudyGuide 3 . Time between doses must be shortened 4 . Duration of action of the drug is too long 10. Drugs that are receptor agonists may demonstrate what property? 1 . Irreversible binding to the drug receptor site 2 . Upregulation with chronic use 3 . Desensitization or downregulation with continuous use 4 . Inverse relationship between drug concentration & drug action 11. Drugs that are receptor antagonists, such as beta blockers, may cause: 1 . Downregulation of the drug receptor 2 . An exaggerated response if abruptly discontinued 3 . Partial blockade of the effects of agonist drugs 4 . An exaggerated response to competitive drug agonists 12. Factors that affect gastric drug absorption include: 1 . Liver enzyme activity 2 . Protein-binding properties of the drug molecule 3 . Lipid solubility of the drug 4 . Ability to chew & swallow 13. Drugs administered via IV: 1 . Need to be lipid soluble in order to be easily absorbed 2 . Begin distribution into the body immediately 3 . Are easily absorbed if they are nonionized 4 . May use pinocytosis to be absorbed 14. When a medication is added to a regimen for a synergistic effect, the combined effect of the drugs is: 1 . The sum of the effects of each drug individually 2 . Greater than the sum of the effects of each drug individually 3 . Less than the effect of each drug individually 4 . Not predictable, as it varies with each individual 15. Which of the following statements about bioavailability is true? 1 . Bioavailability issues are especially important for drugs with narrow therapeutic ranges or sustained-release mechanisms. 2 . All brands of a drug have the same bioavailability. 3 . Drugs that are administered more than once a day have greater bioavailability than drugs given once daily. 4 . Combining an active drug with an inert substance does not affect bioavailability. 16. Which of the following statements about the major distribution barriers (blood-brain or fetal-placental) is true? 1 . Water soluble & ionized drugs cross these barriers rapidly. 2 . The blood-brain barrier slows the entry of many drugs into & from brain cells. 3 . The fetal-placental barrier protects the fetus from drugs taken by the mother. [Show More]
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