FINAL EXAM PN 110 official set questions and answers 100% pass

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FINAL EXAM PN 110 official set questions and answers 100% pass Sodium (Na+, lab value) ✔✔135-145 mEq/L Potassium (K+, lab value) ✔✔3.5-5.0 mEq/L RBC (lab value) ✔✔4-6 million cells/mc/... L WBC (lab value) ✔✔4,500-10,500 cells/mc/L Hemoglobin (Hbg, lab value) ✔✔12-18 gm/dL Hematocrit (Hct, lab value) ✔✔35-50% Triglycerides (lab value) ✔✔35-160 mg/dL (does not dissolve in blood) Total Cholesterol (lab value) ✔✔<200 mg/dL HDL (lab value) ✔✔>60 mg/dL good LDL (lab value) ✔✔<100 bad What does elevated level of WBC mean? ✔✔Infection or inflammation Impaired gas exchange interventions ✔✔assess pulse ox, respiratory rate, perfusion, sputum, pulse might be up, skin color, guarding, depth of respiration,lung sounds, accessory muscles (shoulders raise), nasal flaring. What do you do if a pt. isn't breathing well? ✔✔sit them up, give them oxygen, deep breathe, incentive spirometer. What does low hemoglobin mean? ✔✔anemic (low RBC), low iron 3 main Prioritizations ✔✔ABC's, Maslow's hierarchy, APIE Boosters ✔✔therapeutic response towards pt. ex. active listening, focus, clarification, exploring Blockers ✔✔non-therapeutic response towards pt. ex. false reassurance, probing, disagreeing Pain assessment ✔✔pain scale, body language, guarding, anxiety, crying, anger, VS will go up, grimacing, med seeking Subjective ✔✔what the pt. says Objective ✔✔what we observe 3 pain scales ✔✔1. faces 2. number scale 0-10 3. descriptors Pain is what? ✔✔What the pt. says it is what is Functional Ability? ✔✔ADL's-independent, bathing, toileting, dressing, eating, administering meds Immunizations and skin break down are not included in what? ✔✔ADL's What do LPN's do if someone has Impaired functional ability? ✔✔assistive device, PT, OT, SLP, home health nurse or family member, show different way to do things, provide assistance, strengthening things, walk with them, stand by assist in shower, affirmation to pt., promote independence Who do LPN's collaborate with? ✔✔PT, OT, SLP, Dietary etc Assess for culture ✔✔Beliefs for meds and diet, communication for them, understanding language, spritual Not related to culture? ✔✔Temperature, blood lans, X-Rays, assessment data (these are all factual findings) What do we want to know about Alcohol and Addiction? ✔✔How much and how often, CAGE C-cut down A- annoyed G-guilty E- eye-opener What else can present itself as if it is alcohol? ✔✔Diabetes- super high blood sugar they can have alcohol smelling breathe. Need to determine if they are a drinker, find out what the problem really is. Ways to quit smoking ✔✔nicotine patch or gum, hobbies, stress and coping skills Dependence ✔✔Can't live without it. Tolerance ✔✔Need a higher amount to get the same pleasure feeling. Withdrawal ✔✔When you don't have that "thing" you have negative physical and thinking. Shaking, sweating, anger, anxiety, irritability, VS change. Healthy coping ✔✔exercise, music, massage, group therapy, meditation, problem-focused (determine what the problem is and figure out an answer to it) Proteins ✔✔Improves tissue growth, repair of every cell in the body, brain development. ex. Meats, beans (lagoons), peanut butter -inefficiency may lead to generalized edema Bladder management (I&O) ✔✔toileting schedule, urinate on first urge, bladder scan and potentially straight cat., increase fluids, know their I&O. Groups at risk for infection ✔✔Immune compromised,elderly, babies Number 1 way to prevent infections ✔✔wash hands What is legal for LPN to delegate to a tech/CNA? ✔✔toileting, dressing, VS, ADL's, reinforce teaching Tech/CNA can NOT delegate? ✔✔sterile technique, meds, ADPIE How does someone act if they can't verbalize pain? ✔✔grimace, body language, moan, VS, guard Primary prevention ✔✔Keep healthy people healthy Secondary Prevention ✔✔Screening Tertiary Prevention ✔✔Maintaining the disease ex. PT, OT, SLP Professional Identity ✔✔Doing, Being, Becoming the nurse, understanding your role, skills competent, assessment Symptoms of high potassium ✔✔Chest pain Tired/Weakness Nausea or vomiting Trouble breathing Irregular heartbeats Symptoms of LOW potassium ✔✔Tired Cramping in arm/leg muscles Abdominal cramping/bloated Constipation Palpitations Symptoms of high calcium ✔✔Loss of appetite Constipation/abdominal pain Nausea/vomiting Increase thirst and urination Confused/disoriented Headaches Depression Symptoms of LOW calcium ✔✔Numbness Tingling in fingers Muscle cramps Legarthy Fainting Symptoms of high sodium ✔✔Dehydration Diarrhea Thirsty Confused Kidney Disfunction Symptoms of LOW sodium ✔✔Weakness/fatigue Headache Nausea/vomiting Muscle cramps/spasms Confusion Irritability What does magnesium do? ✔✔Helps to maintain normal nerve and muscle function What does calcium do? ✔✔Plays a role in muscle contraction and strengthens bones What is iron needed for? ✔✔To make enough oxygen-carrying red blood cells. [Show More]

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