Cardiovascular Cardiovascular Pharmacology

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Cardiovascular Cardiovascular Pharmacology Question/Term Answer When clinical signs of volume overload exists, these drugs are used to increase urinary output, decrease blood volume, preload, a... nd cardiac workload. Diuretics Three types of diuretics used to decrease blood volume and lower blood pressure. Loop Diuretics, Thiazides, and Potassium-sparing These diuretics depress Na reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle and promote potassium excretion. Loop Diuretics furosemide (Lasix); bumetanide (Bumex); toresemide (Demadex) Class: Diuretics; loop diuretics Diuretics: Prevent Na and water reabsorption in the distal tubules while promoting potassium excretion. Thiazide hydrochlorothazide (HCTZ) Class: antihypertensive, diuretic; thiazide diuretic Inhibits aldosterone, causing Na to be excreted in the distal tubule, but sparing potassium. Potassium-sparing diuretic Spironolactone(Aldactone) Class; diuretics, potassium sparing diuretics Labs to monitor during Diuretic therapy BUN, creatinine, electrolyets, potassium levels, glucose, uric acid levels, hypotension, Thiazide diuretics are contraindicated in clients with? Renal failure. Cumulative effects of the thiazide may develop in patients with impaired renal function. In such patients, thiazides may precipitate azotemia (increased urea). Block epinephrine from interacting with beta receptor sites. Beta Blockers Selective beta blockers Lower b/p by blocking beta receptors in the heart and peripheral vessels, reducing heart rate, myocardial contractility, and cardiac output. acebutolol (Sectral); atenolol (Tenormin); betaxolol (Kerlone); bisoprolol (Zebeta); esmolol (Brevibloc); metoprolol (Lopressor and Torprol-XL) Cardioselective betablockers Nonselective beta-blockers block beta2-adrenergic receptors on the smooth muscle of the bronchioles and blood vessels. Does not only work specially on the heart. nadolol (Corgard); propranolol (Inderal); timolol (Blocadren) Nonselective betablockers Sudden stop of beta-blockers administration can lead to what HTN crisis before taking beta-blockers med the nurse should assess the ______ which must be over ______ before giving to patient apical pulse rate; 50bpm iontrope decreases mycardial contractility chonotrope decrease heart rate Block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, one of the most powerful vasoconstrictors in the body, thereby decreasing b/p. AngiotensinConverting Enzyme Inhibitors (Aceinhibitors) Ace Inhibitors also blocks the release of what to reduce Na and water retension. aldosterone. benazepril (Lotensin); captopril (Capoten); enalapril/enalaprilat (Vasotec, Vasotec IV), fosinopril (Monopril), lisinopril (Prinvil, Zestril); moexipril (Univasc); perindopril (Aceon); quinapril (Accupril); ramipril (Altace); trandolapril (Mavik) Class: antihypertensive; ACE inhibitors. Cardio drugs that cause severe dry cough Ace inhibitors lab tests considerations for Ace inhibitors BUN, creatinine, electrolytes, serum potassium, CBC, AST, ALT. [Show More]

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