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TESOL Questions and Answers Already Passed phonology ✔✔Study of a sound system of language Generation 1.5 ✔✔kids born elsewhere but heavily socialized in the us Plyler v Doe ✔✔states c... an't deny education for illegal immigrants amendment 14 ELL ✔✔English Language Learner CALP ✔✔(Cognitive academic language proficiency) the language ability needed for learning academic skills Largest Language group in Florida ✔✔Spanish Inflectional ✔✔adds es, s, ed, ing, er does not change the meaning of the word Idiom ✔✔an expression whose meanings cannot be inferred from the meanings of the words that make it up- Don't cry over spiled milk Partial Immersion ✔✔half of the day spent learning L2 Nonverbal communication ✔✔communication using body movements, gestures, and facial expressions rather than speech Intonation ✔✔rise and fall of the voice pitch Free morpheme ✔✔A morpheme that can stand alone as a word. Minimal pairs ✔✔A pair of words that differ by only a single sound and are recognized by speakers as different words. i.e. bat/cat or hare/dare State with the highest population of ELLS ✔✔California, then texas, florida Lexical ambiguity ✔✔A situation in which a word has two or more meanings. Example: penwriting instrument pen- a place where pigs live Look by the pen Maxim of quantity ✔✔A speaker must not give more or less information than required maxim of quality ✔✔say what you know or assume to be true, and do not say what you know to be false. Maxim of Relevance ✔✔be relevant Maxim of Manner ✔✔The speaker must be concise and neat in his speech, not opaque or ambiguous 9.7% ✔✔What percent yearly is the ELL population growing pragmatics ✔✔the study of language use Castaneda v Pickard ✔✔1981 Court mandated a 3-step process to develop quality bilingual education: programs based on research, have adequate resources and provide opportunities for students to have access to the full curriculum. 15 credit hours ✔✔The florida consent degree says that teacher should have how many hours in TESOL training Lau v Nichols ✔✔1974 States must provide bilingual education or some type of support for students whose native language is not English. Must have equal access to education NCLB ✔✔2001 Pres. Bush designed to promote "standards-based education reform" via assessments that measure yearly progress Tesol ✔✔Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages ESOL ✔✔English for speakers of other languages ESL ✔✔English as a second language EFL ✔✔English as a Foreign Language phonology ✔✔the sound system of a language Phonemes ✔✔Are distinctive sound units that "Make a difference" when sounds form words. Minimal Pairs ✔✔A pair of words that differ by only a single sound and are recognized by speakers as different words. i.e. bat/cat or hare/dare phonemic sequence ✔✔permissible patterns for combing phonemes phonemic syllabication ✔✔word ends in a consonant sound and the next word starts with a vowel Ex: has it, give it, give up Stress ✔✔changes the meaning of words Ex: H/e did that? He d/id that? He did th/at? Intonation ✔✔rise and fall of the voice, doesn't change word meaning. Emotions, anger, impatience Morphology ✔✔The study of word formation, deals with the internal structure of words within language Functional words ✔✔words that we can't do without, (i.e. I me mine, he she) Lexical words ✔✔Relate directly to objects, ideas, actions and description. They have a definable meaning. morpheme ✔✔in language, the smallest unit that carries meaning Free morpheme ✔✔A morpheme that can stand alone as a word ex house Bound Morpheme ✔✔has to be attached to something else for it to mean something Derivational morphemes ✔✔affixes that can be added to a morpheme to change its meaning and may change its part of speech ex non, un, re Inflectional morphemes ✔✔Examples: er, es, ing, Do not change the syntactic classification, and typically follow derivational morphemes. Syntax ✔✔the grammatical arrangement of words in sentences Syntactical ✔✔Rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language Lexical ambiguity ✔✔A situation in which a word has two or more meanings. Example: penwriting instrument pen- a place where pigs live Semantics ✔✔the study of meaning in language Lexical Decomposition ✔✔breaking down words into their more basic meaning "components" or semantic features Synonyms ✔✔words that have similar meanings gradable antonyms ✔✔stand on either side of a spectrum. Big, and small, hot and cold. There are things in the middle. converse antonyms ✔✔Under above, doctor patient entailment ✔✔The meaning of the Word is logically connected to another word. piglet is connected to a pig extension ✔✔act of expanding in scope Cat includes tigers, dogs, horses ect. prototype ✔✔a standard or typical example heteronym ✔✔one of two or more words that are spelled alike but have different meanings and pronunciations, such as bass voice and bass, a fish discourse ✔✔extended verbal expression in speech or writing, or to carry on a conversation dialect ✔✔a form of language spoken by people in a particular region or group Isoglosses ✔✔The definitional boundaries of a dialect. Phonological variations ✔✔a situation where there are differences in the distribution of sounds in two varieties" look at them=dem" Morphological variation ✔✔differences between how morphemes are distributed (hisself vs himself for possesive) syntactical variation ✔✔Differences between two "accents?" [Show More]

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