G150FW / PHA_Final exam guide, Latest (2020/2021)

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• Question 1 Which type of joint has the most range of motion? • Question 2 This type of skin cell is involved in regulating our overall skin tone and color? ... • Question 3 What is not a characteristic of the eye? • Question 4 This type of tissues lines hollow organs, covers the outer surface of the skin and functions to provide protection or allow for absorption and secretion of substances? • Question 5 This type of organic compound is utilized as structural support to cell membranes, acts as a reservoir (storage) unit for energy, and is involved in the production of steroids? • Question 6 What is NOT true of the skeletal system? • Question 7 The majority of nutrient absorption occurs in what digestive organ? • Question 8 Fertilization of an egg typically occurs here (first answer), while implantation of a fertilized egg occurs here (second answer)? • Question 9 Cells have to replicate, or make a copy of, its DNA prior to going through mitosis and dividing into two new cells? • Question 10 Specific immunity is more effective when it has been previously been exposed to a specific bacteria or virus? • Question 11 The diaphragm and abdominal muscles are the main muscle that initiates the pulmonary respiration process to occur? • Question 12 Alleles of a gene can either be dominant or recessive? • Question 13 What statement is NOT true of cellular respiration? • Question 14 This plane divides the body/organ into superior and inferior sections • Question 15 This type of organic compound is utilized in structural support of cells, in the production of enzymes and hormones and is a main component in the contractile units of a muscle cells? • Question 16 A sarcomere stores calcium within the muscle cell? • Question 17 The myocardium of the heart contains the heart muscle that allows for muscle contraction? • Question 18 This type of tissue allows for allows for the transmission of electrical impulses that provide communication signals with the body? • Question 19 Which endocrine gland secretes hormones that help the body adapt to stressful situations and release hormones that can reduce inflammation? • Question 20 When the immune system overreacts to a normal, non-harmful antigen as in the case of allergies, what type of immune disorder is this called? • Question 21 Where does gas exchange occur within the respiratory system? • Question 22 What lower extremity bone is the arrow pointing to? • Question 23 What muscle is the arrow pointing to? • Question 24 This type of blood vessel allows nutrient exchange between the blood vessel and body’s cells and tissues? • Question 25 What part of the nephron is involved in the glomerular filtration process of urine formation? • Question 26 What endocrine gland secretes a hormone that increases the blood calcium levels? • Question 27 The hormone insulin increases blood glucose (sugar) levels. • Question 28 What organ will produce estrogen and progesterone in the female reproductive system? • Question 29 What lobe of the cerebrum controls our consciousness, intelligence and conscious movement of muscles? • Question 30 What lower extremity muscle is the arrow pointing to? • Question 31 This nutrient is the primary source of energy (ATP) production for the body? • Question 32 What statement is true of the skin? • Question 33 Which heart chamber receives deoxygenated blood from the body? • Question 34 This heart chamber will pump oxygenated blood out to the body? • Question 35 Where is our body’s DNA, genetic material, located? • Question 36 The sympathetic nervous system will cause an increase to the heart rate, respiration rate, and cause the pupils to dilate? • Question 37 The processes of diffusion and osmosis require energy, ATP, for it to occur? • Question 38 What statement is true of type A+ blood type? • Question 39 The ureter transport urine from the bladder to the outside or external portion of the body? • Question 40 This region of the brain controls primitive functions of the body such as, respiration rate, heart rate, sneezing, and coughing? • Question 41 What statement is NOT true about hemostasis? • Question 42 The pancreas makes bile and stores in the gallbladder, which assists in the digestion of lipids (fat)? • Question 43 The spinal cord transmits information from the body to the brain only? • Question 44 What is NOT a classic (or cardinal) sign of inflammation? • Question 45 This organelle is responsible for producing our body’s energy source, ATP? • Question 46 What type of blood cell assists in transporting oxygen throughout the body? • Question 47 What blood vessel carries blood back to the heart? • Question 48 It is the inner layer of the vagina that is sloughed off during the uterine (menstrual) cycle? Selected Answer: False • Question 49 What is not a function of inflammation? • Question 50 Which term best describes the body maintaining a constant internal balance despite changes in the external environment? • Question 51 The cones of the retina allow for color vision and are found concentrated in an area of the eye called the fovea centralis? • Question 52 What posterior arm muscle is the arrow pointing to? Selected Answer: D. Biceps brachii • Question 53 The stomach main function is to mechanical digest food into a substance called chyme? Selected Answer: True • Question 54 The sense of taste and smell both involve the nervous system binding molecules to specialized hair cells in the mouth and nose? • Question 55 What is NOT true of the male reproductive system? • Question 56 When the immune system is weaken and cannot optimally perform is normal function, what type of immune disorder is this called? • Question 57 Calcium is a vital component for muscle contraction to occur? • Question 58 Blood cell production is a function of the skeletal system? • Question 59 What is NOT true of the plasma (cell) membrane? • Question 60 For an individual to express an autosomal dominant genetic disorder they will have to inherit both copies of mutated gene? • Question 61 Physiology refers to the study of the body’s structure while anatomy refers to the study of the body’s function? • Question 62 The axilla region is medial compared to the nose? • Question 63 A permanent tattoo will have ink in which layer or layers of the skin? • Question 64 A neurotransmitter is a chemical released from the soma (cell body) of the neuron? • Question 65 What upper extremity bone is the arrow pointing to? • Question 66 What is not an obstacle sperm face within the female reproductive system? • Question 67 When a person contracts and gets a cold or infection, what type of immunity is this? • Question 68 What is NOT true of atoms? • Question 69 What blood vessel carries blood away from the heart out to the body and typically carries oxygenated blood? • Question 70 This plane divides the body/organ into anterior and posterior sections? • Question 71 This structure acts as the in between structure between the mother’s blood and baby’s blood? • Question 72 This cerebral lobe of the brain is involved in our ability to see? • Question 73 The AV bundle, also called the pacemaker, assists in setting the heart rate of the heart? • Question 74 Which hormone controls the body’s metabolism? • Question 75 This region of the brain is involved in coordinated movement of large muscle groups, posture, and balance? 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