PHARMACOLOGY (Questions and Detailed Answers 100% complete 2021)

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1. Which statement indicates that the nurse understands a principle of caring for patients with drug dependency? “Genetics may play a role in contributing to the cause of substance abuse.” �... �Patients who abuse drugs may have a brain disorder.” “Addictive disorders are not normally treatable.” “Patients with addictive disorders cannot take narcotics.” Genetics may play a role in contributing to substance abuse. Patients do not have brain disorders; however, their brains do become altered over time due to repeated ingestion of certain drugs. Addictive disorders are treatable. Patients with addictive disorders may not be addicted to narcotics and therefore can take narcotics. 2. Varenicline is prescribed for a middle-aged patient for smoking cessation. What is the priority nursing action for this patient? Monitoring every 4 hours for orthostatic hypotension Teaching the patient to avoid sunlight while on the medication Telling the patient that nausea and vomiting are likely Monitoring the patient for increased temperature Nausea and vomiting are likely with this drug. Orthostatic hypotension and hyperthermia are not a concern with this drug. Avoidance of sunlight is not necessary while on this medication. 3. The nurse is caring for a patient with a history of alcoholism who is undergoing long-term alcohol treatment. Which intervention is the highest priority? Ensuring the patient knows all alcohol must be avoided when taking disulfiram Correct Teaching the patient about flumazenil Monitoring the patient with methadone administration Administering propranolol daily In addition to cognitive behavioral therapy, disulfiram may be ordered because it prevents alcohol consumption by causing an unpleasant reaction if alcohol is taken. Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine antagonist and is used to treat benzodiazepine overdose. Methadone is an opioid agonist used during opioid detoxification to decrease symptoms and is used in long-term management of opioid addiction. Propranolol is an adrenergic beta blocker and is indicated in treating elevated blood pressure and tachycardia, which may occur with amphetamine toxicity. 4. The nurse is caring for a patient with a diagnosis of acute alcohol toxicity. Which assessment finding requires immediate action? Decreased reflexes Headache Vomiting Tachycardia In acute alcohol toxicity, vomiting occurs frequently, and to the patient’s semiconscious state, aspiration is a concern. 5. The clinic nurse is reviewing medication instructions with a patient taking nicotine replacement gum for smoking cessation. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching by the nurse? “I will continue to use birth control while taking this drug.” “I will not drink or eat while chewing the gum.” “I can continue to smoke a cigarette once in a while when taking this drug.” “While chewing the gum, I will periodically hold the gum between my cheek and teeth.” Cigarette smoking while using nicotine-replacement therapy (NRT) agents such as gum may cause nicotine overdose. The patient should not smoke cigarettes while using nicotine replacement gum. NRT should not be used by pregnant or nursing women, so use of birth control is appropriate while taking NRT. Food and drink should be avoided 15 minutes before and during gum use. While the patient is chewing the gum, there should be periods of holding the gum between the cheek and teeth. 6. The nurse is caring for a patient who arrived at the Emergency Department exhibiting slurred speech, giddiness, euphoria, and a decrease in his inhibitions. The nurse suspects that the patient has been abusing which substance? Stimulants Depressants Psychoactives Inhalants The combination of slurred speech, giddiness, euphoria, and decreased inhibitions is most likely to be produced by an abuse of inhalants. 7. The nurse is assessing a patient who has been admitted after exhibiting hallucinations and delusions at a party. Upon assessment, the nurse determines that the patient is experiencing perceptual distortions. The patient has most likely been abusing which substance? Stimulants Depressants [Show More]

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